Articles

Psychometric properties of the Positive Mental Health Scale (PMH-scale)

In recent years, it has been increasingly recognized that the absence of mental disorder is not the same as the presence of positive mental health (PMH). With the PMH-scale we propose a short, unidimensional s...

Authors: Justina Lukat, Jürgen Margraf, Rainer Lutz, William M. van der Veld and Eni S. Becker

Psychometric properties of the newly translated creole multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) and perceived adequacy of resource scale (PARS) and the relationship between perceived social support and resources in Haitian mothers in the US

Low income postpartum mothers with little to no social support have increased maternal and infant morbidity and mortality, especially those with limited English proficiency and limited accesses to resources. H...

Authors: Jean Hannan, Marise Alce and Adrian Astros

How a concerned family member, friend or member of the public can help someone with gambling problems: a Delphi consensus study

Gambling is an enjoyable recreational pursuit for many people. However, for some it can lead to significant harms. The Delphi expert consensus method was used to develop guidelines for how a concerned family m...

Authors: Kathy S. Bond, Anthony F. Jorm, Helen E. Miller, Simone N. Rodda, Nicola J. Reavley, Claire M. Kelly and Betty A. Kitchener

Neural responses to a modified Stroop paradigm in patients with complex chronic musculoskeletal pain compared to matched controls: an experimental functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMSKP) is attentionally demanding, complex and multi-factorial; neuroimaging research in the population seen in pain clinics is sparse. A better understanding of the neural activi...

Authors: Ann M. Taylor, Ashley D. Harris, Alice Varnava, Rhiannon Phillips, Owen Hughes, Antony R. Wilkes, Judith E. Hall and Richard G. Wise

Self-regulation of healthy nutrition: automatic and controlled processes

Self-regulatory behaviour refers to both controlled and automatic processes. When people are distracted, automatic over controlled processes prevail. This was analysed with regard to nutritional behaviour (foo...

Authors: Heike Eschenbeck, Uwe Heim-Dreger, Amina Steinhilber and Carl-Walter Kohlmann

Assessing the daily stability of the cortisol awakening response in a controlled environment

Levels of cortisol, the end product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, display a sharp increase immediately upon awakening, known as the cortisol awakening response (CAR). The daily stability of...

Authors: Greg J. Elder, Jason G. Ellis, Nicola L. Barclay and Mark A. Wetherell

Erratum to: Lifestyle choices and mental health: a representative population survey

Authors: Julia Velten, Kristen L Lavallee, Saskia Scholten, Andrea Hans Meyer, Xiao-Chi Zhang, Silvia Schneider and Jürgen Margraf

Adult attachment style and cortisol responses in women in late pregnancy

Recent research has documented the association between attachment and cortisol rhythms. During pregnancy, when attachment patterns are likely to be activated, elevated levels of cortisol are associated with ne...

Authors: José Manuel Costa-Martins, Mariana Moura-Ramos, Maria João Cascais, Carlos Fernandes da Silva, Henriqueta Costa-Martins, Marco Pereira, Rui Coelho and Jorge Tavares

Design of a controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of Supportive Parenting (‘Stevig Ouderschap’): an intervention to empower parents at increased risk of parenting problems by providing early home visits

In the Netherlands, 15 % of all families with children under the age of 13 years deal with significant parenting problems. Severe parenting problems may lead to adverse physical, cognitive, and psychosocial ou...

Authors: E. M. B. Horrevorts, A. van Grieken, S. M. L. Broeren, R. Bannink, M. B. R. Bouwmeester-Landweer, E. Hafkamp-de Groen and Hein Raat

The effects of sexual violence on psychosocial outcomes in formerly abducted girls in Northern Uganda: the WAYS study

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of sexual violence on the odds of different psychosocial outcomes (depression, psychotic symptoms, somatic complaints, conduct problems, daily function...

Authors: Kennedy Amone-P’Olak, Emilio Ovuga and Peter Brian Jones

The moderating role of personality traits in the relationship between work and salivary cortisol: a cross-sectional study of 401 employees in 34 Canadian companies

The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of personality traits in explaining the relationship between workplace stressors and variations in salivary cortisol concentrations.

Authors: Annick Parent-Lamarche and Alain Marchand

Randomized controlled expressive writing pilot in individuals with Parkinson’s disease and their caregivers

Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and their caregivers are at risk for emotional distress and hypercortisolism. Expressive writing is an effective complementary intervention to ameliorate the psycholog...

Authors: Therese Verkerke Cash and Sarah K. Lageman

Examining the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy on cognition and the impact of any cognitive impairment on quality of life in colorectal cancer patients: study protocol

Research suggests that chemotherapy can cause deficits in both patients’ objectively measured and self-reported cognitive abilities which can in turn affect their quality of life (QoL). The majority of researc...

Authors: Marie-Rose Dwek, Lorna Rixon, Alice Simon, Catherine Hurt and Stanton Newman

Cognitive behaviour therapy for non-cardiac pain in the chest (COPIC): a multicentre randomized controlled trial with economic evaluation

Most patients with chest pain have nothing wrong with their cardiac function. Psychological forms of treatment for this condition are more likely to be successful than others.

Authors: Peter Tyrer, Helen Tyrer, Sylvia Cooper, Barbara Barrett, Stephanie Kings, Valentina Lazarevic, Kate Bransby-Adams, Katherine Whittamore, Gemma Walker, Antoinette McNulty, Emma Donaldson, Luke Midgley, Shani McCoy, Rachel Evered, Min Yang, Boliang Guo…

Erratum to: self-reported psychopathy in the Middle East: a cross-national comparison across Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United States

Authors: Robert D. Latzman, Ahmed M. Megreya, Lisa K. Hecht, Joshua D. Miller, D. Anne Winiarski and Scott O. Lilienfeld

The Tree Theme Method^® (TTM), an occupational therapy intervention for treating depression and anxiety: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

Depression and anxiety disorders are increasing among the general population in the Western world. Individuals may need several kinds of treatment in order to maintain health, such as cognitive behavioural the...

Authors: A. Birgitta Gunnarsson, Petra Wagman, Carita Håkansson and Katarina Hedin

Doctor, builder, soldier, lawyer, teacher, dancer, shopkeeper, vet: exploratory study of which eleven-year olds would like to become a doctor

Very little is known about the extent to which eleven-year olds might consider a career in medicine. This exploratory study therefore asked children and their parents about medicine as a possible career, looki...

Authors: I. C. McManus, Terry Ng-Knight, Lucy Riglin, Norah Frederickson, Katherine Shelton and Frances Rice

The SENSE Study (Sleep and Education: learning New Skills Early): a community cognitive-behavioural therapy and mindfulness-based sleep intervention to prevent depression and improve cardiac health in adolescence

Sleep problems are a major risk factor for the emergence of depression in adolescence. The aim of this study was to test whether an intervention for improving sleep habits could prevent the emergence of depres...

Authors: Joanna M. Waloszek, Orli Schwartz, Julian G. Simmons, Matthew Blake, Laura Blake, Greg Murray, Monika Raniti, Ronald E. Dahl, Neil O’Brien-Simpson, Paul Dudgeon, John Trinder and Nicholas B. Allen

Self-reported psychopathy in the Middle East: a cross-national comparison across Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United States

The construct of psychopathy is sparsely researched in the non-Western world, particularly in the Middle East. As such, the extent to which the psychopathy construct can be generalized to other cultures, inclu...

Authors: Robert D. Latzman, Ahmed M. Megreya, Lisa K. Hecht, Joshua D. Miller, D. Anne Winiarski and Scott O. Lilienfeld

Measuring participation for persons with mental illness: A systematic review assessing relevance of existing scales for low and middle income countries

Participation is increasingly becoming an important outcome for assessment in many fields, including development, disability and policy implementation. However, selecting specific instruments to measure partic...

Authors: Ganesh M. Babulal, Parul Bakhshi, Sunyata Kopriva, Sarah A. Ali, Susan A. Goette and Jean-Francois Trani

Bullied at school, bullied at work: a prospective study

The consequences of childhood bullying victimisation are serious. Much previous research on risk factors for being bullied has used a cross-sectional design, impeding the possibility to draw conclusions on cau...

Authors: Lars Peter Andersen, Merete Labriola, Johan Hviid Andersen, Thomas Lund and Claus D. Hansen

Factors impacting the quality of peer relationships of youth with Tourette’s syndrome

Tourette’s syndrome (TS) is a poorly understood neurodevelopmental disorder consistently associated with impaired peer relationships. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between TS and the abil...

Authors: Deirdre O’Hare, Valsamma Eapen, Edward Helmes, Kerry McBain, John Reece and Rachel Grove

Psychometric properties of self-sufficiency assessment tools in adolescents in vocational education

Self-sufficiency is the realisation of an acceptable level of functioning either by the person him/herself or through the adequate organisation of help from informal or formal care providers. Assessment of sel...

Authors: Rienke Bannink, Suzanne Broeren, Jurriën Heydelberg, Els van’t Klooster and Hein Raat

An introduction to implementation science for the non-specialist

The movement of evidence-based practices (EBPs) into routine clinical usage is not spontaneous, but requires focused efforts. The field of implementation science has developed to facilitate the spread of EBPs,...

Authors: Mark S. Bauer, Laura Damschroder, Hildi Hagedorn, Jeffrey Smith and Amy M. Kilbourne

A study protocol for Truce: a pragmatic controlled trial of a seven-week acceptance and commitment therapy program for young people who have a parent with cancer

This paper presents the rationale and study protocol for a pragmatic controlled effectiveness trial of Truce, a prevention-based selective intervention targeting the significant mental health needs of young peopl...

Authors: Pandora Patterson, Fiona E J McDonald, Joseph Ciarrochi, Louise Hayes, Danielle Tracey, Claire E. Wakefield and Kate White

The impact of perceived ethnic discrimination on mental health depends on transcultural identity: evidence for a moderator effect

While ethnic discrimination emphasizes boundaries between different cultures, the concept of transculturality focuses on the fact that cultures can merge and that individuals integrate novel cultural elements ...

Authors: Miriam A. Knauss, Kristina Günther, Sophie Belardi, Pauline Morley and Ulrike von Lersner

An empowerment intervention for Indigenous communities: an outcome assessment

Empowerment programs have been shown to contribute to increased empowerment of individuals and build capacity within the community or workplace. To-date, the impact of empowerment programs has yet to be quanti...

Authors: Irina Kinchin, Susan Jacups, Komla Tsey and Katrina Lines

Sense of belonging to local community in small-to-medium sized Canadian urban areas: a comparison of immigrant and Canadian-born residents

Sense of belonging is recognized as an important determinant of psychological and physical well-being. Research in Canada has shown that sense of belonging has increased in recent years although important vari...

Authors: Peter Kitchen, Allison M. Williams and Melissa Gallina

Study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of group and individual internet-based Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy with treatment as usual in reducing psychological distress in cancer patients: the BeMind study

Mindfulness-based interventions have shown to reduce psychological distress in cancer patients. The accessibility of mindfulness-based interventions for cancer patients could be further improved by providing m...

Authors: F. R. Compen, E. M. Bisseling, M. L. Van der Lee, E. M. M. Adang, A. R. T. Donders and A. E. M. Speckens

On the use of exposure therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders: a survey among cognitive behavioural therapists in the Netherlands

Although research has shown exposure therapy to have earned its rank among empirically supported treatments (ESTs) for anxiety disorders, several US-based studies suggest it to be underused in clinical practic...

Authors: David Sars and Agnes van Minnen

The Process-Outcome Mindfulness Effects in Trainees (PrOMET) study: protocol of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial

Mindfulness has its origins in an Eastern Buddhist tradition that is over 2500 years old and can be defined as a specific form of attention that is non-judgmental, purposeful, and focused on the present moment...

Authors: Johannes Mander, Paula Kröger, Thomas Heidenreich, Christoph Flückiger, Wolfgang Lutz, Hinrich Bents and Sven Barnow

A Metacognitive Perspective on Mindfulness: An Empirical Investigation

The primary aim of this study was to explore how metacognition, as implicated in Wells and Matthews’ metacognitive theory of emotional disorder, might relate to the concept of mindfulness, and whether metacogn...

Authors: Stian Solem, Susanne Semb Thunes, Odin Hjemdal, Roger Hagen and Adrian Wells

The Melanoma care study: protocol of a randomised controlled trial of a psycho-educational intervention for melanoma survivors at high risk of developing new primary disease

Despite a good prognosis for most melanoma survivors, many experience substantial fear of new or recurrent melanoma, worry and anxiety about the future, and unmet healthcare needs. In this protocol, we outline...

Authors: Mbathio Dieng, Nadine A. Kasparian, Rachael L. Morton, Graham J. Mann, Phyllis Butow, Scott Menzies, Daniel S.J. Costa and Anne E. Cust

Learning aptitude, spatial orientation and cognitive flexibility tested in a virtual labyrinth after virtual stress induction

Under stressful conditions such as in an emergency situation, efficient information processing is essential for reasonable responses.

Authors: Marcel Delahaye, Patrick Lemoine, Shanique Cartwright, Gunnar Deuring, Johannes Beck, Marlon Pflueger, Marc Graf and Henning Hachtel

FIRST STEPS – a randomized controlled trial on the evaluation of the implementation and effectiveness of two early prevention programs for promoting the social integration and a healthy development of children with an immigrant background from 0–3

The social integration of children with an immigrant background has become one of the most urgent social responsibilities in Germany. They are more likely to live in high-risk environments and are disadvantage...

Authors: Judith Lebiger-Vogel, Constanze Rickmeyer, Annette Busse, Korinna Fritzemeyer, Bernhard Rüger and Marianne Leuzinger-Bohleber

The NEIL Memory Research Unit: psychosocial, biological, physiological and lifestyle factors associated with healthy ageing: study protocol

Population ageing is a global phenomenon that has characterised demographic trends during the 20th and 21st century. The rapid growth in the proportion of older adults in the population, and resultant increase...

Authors: Caoimhe Hannigan, Robert F. Coen, Brian A. Lawlor, Ian H. Robertson and Sabina Brennan

Aspects of social support and disclosure in the context of institutional abuse – long-term impact on mental health

The psychological sequelae of institutionalized abuse and its long-term consequences has not been systematically documented in existing literature in regarding social support once disclosure has been made. Rep...

Authors: Brigitte Lueger-Schuster, Asisa Butollo, Yvonne Moy, Reinhold Jagsch, Tobias Glück, Viktoria Kantor, Matthias Knefel and Dina Weindl

The cross-cultural validity of the Resilience Scale for Adults: a comparison between Norway and Brazil

The resilience construct is of increasing interest in clinical and health psychology. The Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) is a measure of protective factors. The evidence supporting its construct validity is...

Authors: Odin Hjemdal, Antonio Roazzi, Maria da Graça B. B. Dias and Oddgeir Friborg

Weight loss intervention for individuals with high internal disinhibition: design of the Acceptance Based Behavioral Intervention (ABBI) randomized controlled trial

Obesity is public health problem associated with significant health risks and healthcare costs. Behavioral weight control programs produce clinically meaningful weight losses, however outcomes have high variab...

Authors: Jason Lillis, Heather M Niemeier, Kathryn M Ross, J Graham Thomas, Tricia Leahey, Jessica Unick, Kathleen E Kendra and Rena R Wing

The developmental relation between aggressive behaviour and prosocial behaviour: A 5-year longitudinal study

Past research has shown links between both children’s aggressive behaviour and a lack of prosocial behaviour to later maladaptation. Both types of behaviours have also been identified as crucial in children’s ...

Authors: Ingrid Obsuth, Manuel P Eisner, Tina Malti and Denis Ribeaud

Finding meaning in life while living with HIV: validation of a novel HIV meaningfulness scale among HIV-infected participants living in Tennessee

People living with HIV who maintain a positive outlook on their future may manage stress better than those who do not, leading to improved coping behaviors and better health outcomes.

Authors: Carolyn M Audet, Lois J Wagner and Kenneth A Wallston

Developing the Pieta House Suicide Intervention Model: a quasi-experimental, repeated measures design

While most crisis intervention models adhere to a generalised theoretical framework, the lack of clarity around how these should be enacted has resulted in a proliferation of models, most of which have little ...

Authors: Paul WG Surgenor, Joan Freeman and Cindy O’Connor

Health, health behaviors, and health dissimilarities predict divorce: results from the HUNT study

Poor health and health behaviors are associated with divorce. This study investigates the degree to which six health indicators and health behaviors among husbands and wives are prospectively related to divorc...

Authors: Fartein Ask Torvik, Kristin Gustavson, Espen Røysamb and Kristian Tambs

Study protocol of the SWORD-study: a randomised controlled trial comparing combined online and face-to-face cognitive behaviour therapy versus treatment as usual in managing fear of cancer recurrence

Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is one of the most frequently cited problems by cancer survivors. More than one third report high FCR, which is a clinical concern due to its association with negative health ou...

Authors: Marieke A van de Wal, Marieke FM Gielissen, Petra Servaes, Hans Knoop, Anne EM Speckens and Judith B Prins

Mental health first aid training for Australian medical and nursing students: an evaluation study

The role and demands of studying nursing and medicine involve specific stressors that may contribute to an increased risk for mental health problems. Stigma is a barrier to help-seeking for mental health probl...

Authors: Kathy S Bond, Anthony F Jorm, Betty A Kitchener and Nicola J Reavley

Does it matter how you ask? Self-reported emotions to depictions of need-of-help and social context

When humans observe other people’s emotions they not only can relate but also experience similar affective states. This capability is seen as a precondition for helping and other prosocial behaviors. Our study...

Authors: Aenne A Brielmann and Margarita Stolarova

Who’s been framed? Framing effects are reduced in financial gambles made for others

Decisions made on behalf of other people are sometimes more rational than those made for oneself. In this study we used a monetary gambling task to ask if the framing effect in decision-making is reduced in su...

Authors: Fenja V Ziegler and Richard J Tunney

Do habits always override intentions? Pitting unhealthy snacking habits against snack-avoidance intentions

Habit is defined as a process whereby an impulse towards behaviour is automatically initiated upon encountering a setting in which the behaviour has been performed in the past. A central tenet of habit theory ...

Authors: Benjamin Gardner, Sharon Corbridge and Laura McGowan

Chronic pain in multi-traumatized outpatients with a refugee background resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study

Traumatized refugees often report significant levels of chronic pain in addition to posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and more information is needed to understand pain in refugees exposed to traumatic ev...

Authors: Dinu-Stefan Teodorescu, Trond Heir, Johan Siqveland, Edvard Hauff, Tore Wentzel-Larsen and Lars Lien

Oncologists’ perception of depressive symptoms in patients with advanced cancer: accuracy and relational correlates

Health care providers often inaccurately perceive depression in cancer patients. The principal aim of this study was to examine oncologist-patient agreement on specific depressive symptoms, and to identify pot...

Authors: Lucie Gouveia, Sophie Lelorain, Anne Brédart, Sylvie Dolbeault, Angélique Bonnaud-Antignac, Florence Cousson-Gélie and Serge Sultan