Articles

The Norwegian healthy body image programme: study protocol for a randomized controlled school-based intervention to promote positive body image and prevent disordered eating among Norwegian high school students

Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating raise the risk for eating disorders. In the prevention of eating disorders, many programmes have proved partly successful in using cognitive techniques to combat such...

Authors: Christine Sundgot-Borgen, Solfrid Bratland-Sanda, Kethe M. E. Engen, Gunn Pettersen, Oddgeir Friborg, Monica Klungland Torstveit, Elin Kolle, Niva Piran, Jorunn Sundgot-Borgen and Jan H. Rosenvinge

Personal wellbeing in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): association with PTSD symptoms during and following treatment

It remains unclear to what extent treatment-related gains in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms translate to improvements in broader domains of personal wellbeing, such as community connectedness, l...

Authors: David Berle, Dominic Hilbrink, Clare Russell-Williams, Rachael Kiely, Laura Hardaker, Natasha Garwood, Anne Gilchrist and Zachary Steel

The living dead? Perception of persons in the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome in Germany compared to the USA

The extent to which people ascribe mind to others has been shown to predict the extent to which human rights are conferred. Therefore, in the context of disorders of consciousness (DOC), mind ascription can in...

Authors: Inga Steppacher and Johanna Kissler

Prevalence and psychometric screening for the detection of major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder in adults injured in a motor vehicle crash who are engaged in compensation

Physical injury and psychological disorder following a motor vehicle crash (MVC) is a public health concern. The objective of this research was to determine rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-tr...

Authors: Rebecca Guest, Yvonne Tran, Bamini Gopinath, Ian D. Cameron and Ashley Craig

The effectiveness of the Inspiring Futures parenting programme in improving behavioural and emotional outcomes in primary school children with behavioural or emotional difficulties: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

There is a need to build the evidence base of early interventions promoting children’s health and development in the UK. Malachi Specialist Family Support Services (‘Malachi’) is a voluntary sector organisatio...

Authors: Nick Axford, Georgina Warner, Tim Hobbs, Sarah Heilmann, Anam Raja, Vashti Berry, Obioha C. Ukoumunne, Justin Matthews, Tim Eames, Angeliki Kallitsoglou, Sarah Blower, Tom Wilkinson, Luke Timmons and Gretchen Bjornstad

Believability of messages about preventing breast cancer and heart disease through physical activity

The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships of self-reported physical activity to involvement with messages that discuss the prevention of heart disease and breast cancer through physical act...

Authors: Tanya R. Berry, Kelvin E. Jones, Kerry S. Courneya, Kerry R. McGannon, Colleen M. Norris, Wendy M. Rodgers and John C. Spence

Exploring narratives of resilience among seven males living with spinal cord injury: a qualitative study

It is a challenge for both individuals and families when an illness or traumatic injury results in a severe spinal cord injury. The on-going physical impairments experienced by persons with spinal cord injury ...

Authors: Anne Geard, Marit Kirkevold, Marianne Løvstad and Anne-Kristine Schanke

The CogBIAS longitudinal study protocol: cognitive and genetic factors influencing psychological functioning in adolescence

Optimal psychological development is dependent upon a complex interplay between individual and situational factors. Investigating the development of these factors in adolescence will help to improve understand...

Authors: Charlotte Booth, Annabel Songco, Sam Parsons, Lauren Heathcote, John Vincent, Robert Keers and Elaine Fox

Gain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ)

The Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) assesses regulatory promotion and prevention focus, which represent orientations towards gains or losses. The main objective of this study was to examine the psychometr...

Authors: Bjarne Schmalbach, Markus Zenger, Roy Spina, Ileana Steffens-Guerra, Sören Kliem, Michalis Michaelides and Andreas Hinz

Psychosocial vulnerability underlying four common unhealthy behaviours in 15–16-year-old Swedish adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Factors that influence unhealthy behaviours in adolescents may have different impacts in different sociocultural settings. There is lack of research on the association between psychosocial vulnerability and un...

Authors: Ulrica Paulsson-Do, Birgitta Edlund, Christina Stenhammar and Ragnar Westerling

The importance of health behaviours in childhood for the development of internalizing disorders during adolescence

Poor mental health constitutes a considerable global public health burden with approximately half of all cases of poor mental health having their onset before the age of 14 years. The identification of modifia...

Authors: Xiu Yun Wu, Sara F. L. Kirk, Arto Ohinmaa and Paul J. Veugelers

Memories of paternal relations are associated with coping and defense mechanisms in breast cancer patients: an observational study

Breast cancer diagnosis and treatment represent stressful events that demand emotional adjustment, thus recruiting coping strategies and defense mechanisms. As parental relations were shown to influence emotio...

Authors: Chiara Renzi, Giada Perinel, Paola Arnaboldi, Sara Gandini, Valeria Vadilonga, Nicole Rotmensz, Angela Tagini, Florence Didier and Gabriella Pravettoni

Resilience or hope? Incremental and convergent validity of the resilience scale for adults (RSA) and the Herth hope scale (HHS) in the prediction of anxiety and depression

Hope and resilience protect against inner vulnerabilities or harsh life circumstances; they explain individual differences in physical or mental health outcomes under high stress. They have been studied in com...

Authors: Roxanna Morote, Odin Hjemdal, Karolina Krysinska, Patricia Martinez Uribe and Jozef Corveleyn

The effectiveness of universal parenting programmes: the CANparent trial

There is substantial evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of targeted parenting programmes but much less evidence regarding universal parenting programmes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate t...

Authors: Geoff Lindsay and Vasiliki Totsika

Association between baseline psychological attributes and mental health outcomes after soldiers returned from deployment

Psychological health is vital for effective employees, especially in stressful occupations like military and public safety sectors. Yet, until recently little empirical work has made the link between requisite...

Authors: Yu-Chu Shen, Jeremy Arkes and Paul B. Lester

Usefulness and engagement with a guided workbook intervention (WorkPlan) to support work related goals among cancer survivors

Returning to work after cancer is associated with improved physical and psychological functioning, but managing this return can be a challenging process. A workbook based intervention (WorkPlan) was developed ...

Authors: Lauren Schumacher, Maria Armaou, Pauline Rolf, Steven Sadhra, Andrew John Sutton, Anjali Zarkar and Elizabeth A. Grunfeld

Consequences of child emotional abuse, emotional neglect and exposure to intimate partner violence for eating disorders: a systematic critical review

Child maltreatment and eating disorders are significant public health problems. Yet, to date, research has focused on the role of child physical and sexual abuse in eating-related pathology. This is despite th...

Authors: Melissa Kimber, Jill R. McTavish, Jennifer Couturier, Alison Boven, Sana Gill, Gina Dimitropoulos and Harriet L. MacMillan

An umbrella review of the literature on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for pain reduction

Psychological interventions are widely implemented for pain management and treatment, but their reported effectiveness shows considerable variation and there is elevated likelihood for bias.

Authors: Georgios Markozannes, Eleni Aretouli, Evangelia Rintou, Elena Dragioti, Dimitrios Damigos, Evangelia Ntzani, Evangelos Evangelou and Konstantinos K. Tsilidis

Growing up HIV-positive in Uganda: “psychological immunodeficiency”? A qualitative study

This study is part of a longitudinal study among children and adolescents with HIV in both urban and rural Uganda: ‘Mental health among HIV infected CHildren and Adolescents in KAmpala and Masaka, Uganda (CHAKA)’...

Authors: Birthe Loa Knizek, James Mugisha, Joseph Osafo and Eugene Kinyanda

Testing the impact of a social skill training versus waiting list control group for the reduction of disruptive behaviors and stress among preschool children in child care: the study protocol for a cluster randomized trial

Most preschoolers growing up in western industrialized countries receive child care services (CCS) during the day, while their parents are at work. Meta-analytic data suggest that CCS represent a stressful exp...

Authors: Sylvana M. Côté, Marie-Pier Larose, Marie Claude Geoffroy, Julie Laurin, Frank Vitaro, Richard E. Tremblay and Isabelle Ouellet-Morin

The effect of recall, reproduction, and restudy on word learning: a pre-registered study

Certain manipulations, such as testing oneself on newly learned word associations (recall), or the act of repeating a word during training (reproduction), can lead to better learning and retention relative to ...

Authors: Saloni Krishnan, Kate E. Watkins and Dorothy V.M. Bishop

Assisting an Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander person with gambling problems: a Delphi study

Gambling problems appear to be more prevalent in the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population than in the non-Indigenous population. Although gambling harms can be significant, treatment-see...

Authors: Kathy S Bond, Katrina M. Dart, Anthony F. Jorm, Claire M. Kelly, Betty A. Kitchener and Nicola J. Reavley

Exploring the reliability and acceptability of cognitive tests for Indigenous Australians: a pilot study

Reliable cognitive assessment for Indigenous Australians is difficult given that mainstream tests typically rely on Western concepts, content and values. A test’s psychometric properties should therefore be as...

Authors: Kylie M. Dingwall, Allison O. Gray, Annette R. McCarthy, Jennifer F. Delima and Stephen C. Bowden

Theory based interventions for caries related sugar intake in adults: systematic review

Theories of behavior change are essential in the design of effective behaviour change strategies. No studies have assessed the effectiveness of interventions based on psychological theories to reduce sugar int...

Authors: Said Hartih Al Rawahi, Koula Asimakopoulou and Jonathon Timothy Newton

Illness beliefs among patients with chronic widespread pain - associations with self-reported health status, anxiety and depressive symptoms and impact of pain

Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is a disabling condition associated with a decrease in health. Illness beliefs are individual and are acquired during life. Constraining beliefs may prevent patients from regainin...

Authors: P Järemo, M Arman, B Gerdle, B Larsson and K Gottberg

Population levels of wellbeing and the association with social capital

This research investigates wellbeing at the population level across demographic, social and health indicators and assesses the association between wellbeing and social capital.

Authors: A. W. Taylor, G. Kelly, E. Dal Grande, D. Kelly, T. Marin, N. Hey, K. J. Burke and J. Licinio

Neurodevelopmental profile of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: A systematic review

In an effort to improve the screening and diagnosis of individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), research has focused on the identification of a unique neurodevelopmental profile characteristic ...

Authors: Shannon Lange, Joanne Rovet, Jürgen Rehm and Svetlana Popova

Study protocol: evaluation of an online, father-inclusive, universal parenting intervention to reduce child externalising behaviours and improve parenting practices

Parenting interventions that focus on enhancing the quality and consistency of parenting are effective for preventing and reducing externalising problems in children. There has been a recent shift towards onli...

Authors: Lucy A. Tully, Patrycja J. Piotrowska, Daniel A. J. Collins, Kathleen S. Mairet, David J. Hawes, Eva R. Kimonis, Rhoshel K. Lenroot, Caroline Moul, Vicki Anderson, Paul J. Frick and Mark R. Dadds

Erratum to: Social capital—a mixed blessing for women? A cross-sectional study of different forms of social relations and self-rated depression in Moscow

Authors: Sara Ferlander, Andrew Stickley, Olga Kislitsyna, Tanya Jukkala, Per Carlson and Ilkka Henrik Mäkinen

Effects of muscle dysmorphia, social comparisons and body schema priming on desire for social interaction: an experimental approach

Muscle dysmorphia (MD) is a relatively young diagnosis referring to the desire for a high degree in lean muscle mass, while simultaneously believing that one is insufficiently muscular, mostly found in men. It...

Authors: Catharina Schneider, Maria Agthe, Takuya Yanagida, Martin Voracek and Kristina Hennig-Fast

Micro-drinking behaviours and consumption of wine in different wine glass sizes: a laboratory study

Tableware size may influence how much food and non-alcoholic drink is consumed. Preliminary evidence of the impact of glass size on purchasing of alcoholic drinks shows an increase in wine sales of almost 10% ...

Authors: Z. Zupan, R. Pechey, D. L. Couturier, G. J. Hollands and T. M. Marteau

Psychometric limitations of the 13-item Sense of Coherence Scale assessed by Rasch analysis

A person’s sense of coherence (SOC) reflects their perception that the world is meaningful and predictable, and impacts their ability to deal with stressors in a health-promoting manner. A valid, reliable, and...

Authors: Anners Lerdal, Randi Opheim, Caryl L. Gay, Bjørn Moum, May Solveig Fagermoen and Anders Kottorp

In your face: the biased judgement of fear-anger expressions in violent offenders

Why is it that certain violent criminals repeatedly find themselves engaged in brawls? Many inmates report having felt provoked or threatened by their victims, which might be due to a tendency to ascribe malic...

Authors: Martin Wegrzyn, Sina Westphal and Johanna Kissler

Comparison of cognitive functioning as measured by the Ruff Figural Fluency Test and the CogState computerized battery within the LifeLines Cohort Study

The Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFFT; a pencil and paper test) and the CogState (a computerized cognitive test battery) are well-validated and suitable tests to evaluate cognitive functioning in large observati...

Authors: Jisca S. Kuiper, Richard C. Oude Voshaar, Floor E. A. Verhoeven, Sytse U. Zuidema and Nynke Smidt

A case matched study examining the reliability of using ImPACT to assess effects of multiple concussions

Approximately 3.8 million sport and recreational concussions occur per year, creating a need for accurate diagnosis and management of concussions. Researchers and clinicians are exploring the potential dose-re...

Authors: Trevor Barker, Stephen A. Russo, Gaytri Barker, Mark A. Rice Jr., Mary G. Jeffrey, Gordon Broderick and Travis J. A. Craddock

Expanding protection motivation theory: investigating an application to animal owners and emergency responders in bushfire emergencies

Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) was developed by Rogers in 1975, to describe how individuals are motivated to react in a self-protective way towards a perceived health threat. Rogers expected the use of PMT...

Authors: Rachel Westcott, Kevin Ronan, Hilary Bambrick and Melanie Taylor

Disordered eating and emotion dysregulation among adolescents and their parents

Research on the relationships between adolescent and parental disordered eating (DE) and emotion dysregulation is scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore whether mothers’ and fathers’ own DE, as mea...

Authors: Erika Hansson, Daiva Daukantaité and Per Johnsson

“These people, you just guide them until they become these people”: learning to become a frequent indoor tanner

Many young women experiment with using indoor tanning beds with some becoming regular users. There is a dearth of research focused on factors related to the development of regular tanning. This study was desig...

Authors: Jerod L. Stapleton and Benjamin F. Crabtree

The impact of conscientiousness, mastery, and work circumstances on subsequent absenteeism in employees with and without affective disorders

High numbers of employees are coping with affective disorders. At the same time, ambitiousness, achievement striving and a strong sense of personal control and responsibility are personality characteristics th...

Authors: Almar A. L. Kok, Inger Plaisier, Johannes H. Smit and Brenda W. J. H. Penninx

Which neural mechanisms mediate the effects of a parenting intervention program on parenting behavior: design of a randomized controlled trial

The Video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline (VIPP-SD) has proven effective in increasing parental sensitivity. However, the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. I...

Authors: Laura Kolijn, Saskia Euser, Bianca G. van den Bulk, Renske Huffmeijer, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn and Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg

Gender differences in beliefs about health: a comparative qualitative study with Ghanaian and Indian migrants living in the United Kingdom

There is a well-established association between migration to high income countries and health status, with some groups reporting poorer health outcomes than the host population. However, processes that influen...

Authors: Lailah Alidu and Elizabeth A. Grunfeld

Relationships between pathologic subjective halitosis, olfactory reference syndrome, and social anxiety in young Japanese women

Pathologic subjective halitosis is known as a halitosis complaint without objective confirmation of halitosis by others or by halitometer measurements; it has been reported to be associated with social anxiety...

Authors: Miho Tsuruta, Toru Takahashi, Miki Tokunaga, Masanori Iwasaki, Shota Kataoka, Satoko Kakuta, Inho Soh, Shuji Awano, Hiromi Hirata, Masaharu Kagawa and Toshihiro Ansai

Patterns of control beliefs in chronic fatigue syndrome: results of a population-based survey

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) represents a unique clinical challenge for patients and health care providers due to unclear etiology and lack of specific treatment. Characteristic patterns of behavior and cogn...

Authors: Johanna M. Doerr, Daniela S. Jopp, Michael Chajewski and Urs M. Nater

A tailored compassion-focused therapy program for sexual minority young adults with depressive symotomatology: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) men and women represent one of the highest-risk populations for depressive symptomatology and disorders, with young LGB adults being at greatest risk. To date, there have been ...

Authors: Christopher A. Pepping, Anthony Lyons, Ruth McNair, James N. Kirby, Nicola Petrocchi and Paul Gilbert

VREX: an open-source toolbox for creating 3D virtual reality experiments

We present VREX, a free open-source Unity toolbox for virtual reality research in the fields of experimental psychology and neuroscience.

Authors: Madis Vasser, Markus Kängsepp, Murad Magomedkerimov, Kälver Kilvits, Vladislav Stafinjak, Taavi Kivisik, Raul Vicente and Jaan Aru

Differences in motivation and adherence to a prescribed assignment after face-to-face and online psychoeducation: an experimental study

Adherence to treatment homework is associated with positive outcomes in behavioral psychotherapy but compliance to assignments is still often moderate. Whether adherence can be predicted by different types of ...

Authors: Sven Alfonsson, Karin Johansson, Jonas Uddling and Timo Hursti

The effects of perceived racism on psychological distress mediated by venting and disengagement coping in Native Hawaiians

Studies have linked perceived racism to psychological distress via certain coping strategies in several different racial and ethnic groups, but few of these studies included indigenous populations. Elucidating...

Authors: Joseph Keawe‘aimoku Kaholokula, Mapuana C.K. Antonio, Claire K. Townsend Ing, Andrea Hermosura, Kimberly E. Hall, Rebecca Knight and Thomas A. Wills

Kidney dysfunction, systemic inflammation and mental well-being in elderly post-myocardial infarction patients

The aim was to investigate whether mild kidney dysfunction and low-grade inflammation in post-myocardial infarction patients are independently associated with markers of mental well-being (i.e. depressive and ...

Authors: Rick H. M. Heeres, Ellen K. Hoogeveen, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Janette de Goede, Daan Kromhout and Erik J. Giltay

The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF): psychometric properties and association with big five traits and pathological beliefs in a Norwegian population

With the publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), an alternative model for personality disorders based on personality dysfunction and pathological per...

Authors: Jens C. Thimm, Stian Jordan and Bo Bach

Is mid-life social participation associated with cognitive function at age 50? Results from the British National Child Development Study (NCDS)

Some studies have indicated that social engagement is associated with better cognitive outcomes. This study aimed to investigate associations between life-course social engagement (civic participation) and cog...

Authors: Ann Bowling, Jitka Pikhartova and Brian Dodgeon