Table 3 Internal and criterion validity correlations (N = 589)

Latent correlations between the six need-supportive and -thwarting parenting dimensions in the six-factor CFA model (below diagonal) and ESEM models (above diagonal)

Autonomy-supportive parenting (ASP)

–

 − .40^*

.57^***

 − .51^***

.55^**

 − .44^*

–

–

Autonomy-thwarting parenting (ATP)

 − .64^***

–

 − .17

.67^**

 − .24

.46^**

–

–

Competence-supportive parenting (CSP)

.87^***

 − .40^***

–

 − .18

.61^***

 − .34^**

–

–

Competence-thwarting parenting (CTP)

 − .69^***

 − .92^***

 − .55^***

–

 − .29

.66^***

–

-

Relatedness-supportive parenting (RSP)

.87^***

 − .47^***

.89^***

 − .61^***

–

 − .45^**

–

–

Relatedness-thwarting parenting (RTP)

 − .60^***

.73^***

 − .60^***

.82^***

 − .71^***

–

–

–

Correlations between the item-total scores of six need-supportive and -thwarting parenting dimensions

Autonomy-supportive parenting (ASP)

–

–

–

Autonomy-thwarting parenting (ATP)

 − .40^***

–

–

–

Competence-supportive parenting (CSP)

.58^***

 − .15^*

–

–

–

Competence-thwarting parenting (CTP)

 − .52^***

.57

 − .13

–

–

–

Relatedness-supportive parenting (RSP)

.54^***

 − .17^*

.57^***

 − .22

–

–

–

Relatedness-thwarting parenting (RTP)

 − .50^***

.48^***

 − .35^***

.67^***

 − .50^***

–

–

–

Correlations with the overall satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs

Autonomy satisfaction

.28^***

 − .16^*

.32^***

 − .14

.31^***

 − .19^**

.34^***

 − .22^***

Autonomy frustration

 − .22^***

.28^***

 − .01

.36^***

 − .14

.29^***

 − .18^***

.36^***

Competence satisfaction

.33^***

 − .19^**

.26^***

 − .22

.26^**

 − .23^***

.33^***

 − .27^***

Competence frustration

 − .23^***

.23^**

 − .05

.43^***

 − .14

.30^***

 − .20^***

.38^***

Relatedness satisfaction

.40^***

 − .30^**

.29^***

 − .32^*

.53^***

 − .39^***

.46^***

 − .41^***

Relatedness frustration

 − .33^***

.37^***

 − .17^*

.47^***

 − .32^***

.50^***

 − .35^***

.52^***

Correlations with negative affectivity and thriving

Negative affectivity

 − .12^**

.30^**

 − .06

.32^**

 − .07

.28^**

 − .09^*

.34^***

Thriving

.39^**

 − .21^**

.37^**

 − .29^**

.30^**

 − .21^**

.40^***

 − .27^***