Lev-Ran S, Roerecke M, Le Foll B, George TP, McKenzie K, Rehm J. The association between cannabis use and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychol Med. 2014;44:797–810.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kedzior K, Laeber L. A positive association between anxiety disorders and cannabis use or cannabis use disorders in the general population- a meta-analysis of 31 studies. BMC Psychiatry. 2014;14:136.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kedzior KK, Gerkensmeier I, Lüdders L, Hofmann L, Engelhardt T-C. What do we know about the relationship between cannabis use and depression or anxiety in the general population? A summary of results from systematic reviews. Paper presented at the 50th Conference of the German Society for Psychology (DGPs). 2016.
Google Scholar
Minozzi S, Davoli M, Bargagli AM, Amato L, Vecchi S, Perucci CA. An overview of systematic reviews on cannabis and psychosis: discussing apparently conflicting results. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2010;29:304–17.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Degenhardt L, Hall WD, Lynskey M, McGrath J, McLaren J, Calabria B, Whiteford H, Vos T. Should burden of disease estimates include cannabis use as a risk factor for psychosis? PLoS Med. 2009;6:29.
Article
Google Scholar
Koskinen J, Lohonen J, Koponen H, Isohanni M, Miettunen J. Rate of cannabis use disorders in clinical samples of patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull. 2010;36:1115–30.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Large M, Sharma S, Compton MT, Slade T, Nielssen O. Cannabis use and earlier onset of psychosis: a systematic meta-analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68:555–61.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Semple D, McIntosh A, Lawrie S. Cannabis as a risk factor for psychosis: systematic review. J Psychopharmacol. 2005;19:187–94.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Winton-Brown T, Kumari V, Windler F, Moscoso A, Stone J, Kapur S, McGuire P. Sensorimotor gating, cannabis use and the risk of psychosis. Schizophr Res. 2015;164:21–7.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Swerdlow NR, Braff DL, Geyer MA. Sensorimotor gating of the startle reflex: what we said 25 years ago, what has happened since then, and what comes next. J Psychopharmacol. 2016. doi:10.1177/0269881116661075.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Braff DL, Geyer MA, Swerdlow NR. Human studies of prepulse inhibition of startle: normal subjects, patient groups, pharmacological studies. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001;156:234–58.
Article
Google Scholar
Graham F. The more or less startling effects of weak prestimulation. Psychophysiology. 1975;12:238–48.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dawson M, Hazlett E, Filion D, Nuechterlein K, Schell A. Attention and schizophrenia: impaired modulation of the startle reflex. J Abnorm Psychol. 1993;102:633–41.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Geyer M, Braff D. Habituation of the blink reflex in normals and schizophrenic patients. Psychophysiology. 1982;19:1–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Braff D, Stone C, Callaway E, Geyer M, Glick I, Bali L. Prestimulus effects on human startle reflex in normals and schizophrenics. Psychophysiology. 1978;15:339–43.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Scholes KE, Martin-Iverson MT. Disturbed prepulse inhibition in patients with schizophrenia is consequential to dysfunction of selective attention. Psychophysiology. 2010;47:223–35.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Swerdlow N, Weber M, Qu Y, Light G, Braff D. Realistic expectations of prepulse inhibition in translational models for schizophrenia research. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2008;199:331–88.
Article
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Morales-Munoz I, Jurado-Barba R, Ponce G, Martinez-Gras I, Jimenez-Arriero MA, Moratti S, Rubio G. Characterizing cannabis-induced psychosis: a study with prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex. Psychiat Res. 2014;220:535–40.
Article
Google Scholar
Quednow BB, Kuhn KU, Hoenig K, Maier W, Wagner M. Prepulse inhibition and habituation of acoustic startle response in male MDMA ('ecstasy') users, cannabis users, and healthy controls. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004;29:982–90.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mathias C, Blumenthal T, Dawes M, Liguori A, Richard D, Bray B, Tong W, Dougherty D. Failure to sustain prepulse inhibition in adolescent marijuana users. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011;116:110–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kedzior K, Martin-Iverson M. Chronic cannabis use is associated with attention-modulated reduction in prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex in healthy humans. J Psychopharmacol. 2006;20:471–84.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Scholes KE, Martin-Iverson MT. Alterations to pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) in chronic cannabis users are secondary to sustained attention deficits. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2009;207:469–84.
Article
Google Scholar
Kedzior K, Martin-Iverson M. Attention-dependent reduction in prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex in cannabis users and schizophrenia patients- a pilot study. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007;560:176–82.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Scholes-Balog KE, Martin-Iverson MT. Cannabis use and sensorimotor gating in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Hum Psychopharm Clin. 2011;26:373–85.
Google Scholar
Rankin CH, Abrams T, Barry RJ, Bhatnagar S, Clayton DF, Colombo J, Coppola G, Geyer MA, Glanzman DL, Marsland S, McSweeney FK, Wilson DA, Wu CF, Thompson RF. Habituation revisited: an updated and revised description of the behavioral characteristics of habituation. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2009;92:135–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Geyer M, Swerdlow N, Mansbach R, Braff D. Startle response models of sensorimotor gating and habituation deficits in schizophrenia. Brain Res Bull. 1990;25:485–98.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Akdag S, Nestor P, O'Donnell B, Niznikiewicz M, Shenton M, McCarley R. The startle reflex in schizophrenia: Habituation and personality correlates. Schizophr Res. 2003;64:165–73.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bolino F, Manna V, Di Cicco L, Di Michele V, Daneluzzo E, Rossi A, Cassacchia M. Startle reflex habituation in functional psychoses: a controlled study. Neurosci Lett. 1992;145:126–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Braff D, Grillon C, Geyer M. Gating and habituation of the startle reflex in schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992;49:206–15.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hammer TB, Oranje B, Fagerlund B, Bro H, Glenthoj BY. Stability of prepulse inhibition and habituation of the startle reflex in schizophrenia: a 6-year follow-up study of initially antipsychotic-naive, first-episode schizophrenia patients. Int J Neuropsychoph. 2011;14:913–25.
Article
Google Scholar
Ludewig K, Geyer M, Etzensberger M, Vollenweider F. Stability of the acoustic startle reflex, prepulse inhibition, and habituation in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2002;55:129–37.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ludewig K, Geyer M, Vollenweider F. Deficits in prepulse inhibition and habituation in never-medicated, first-episode schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54:121–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Meincke U, Light G, Geyer M, Braff D, Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E. Sensitization and habituation of the acoustic startle reflex in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiat Res. 2004;126:51–61.
Article
Google Scholar
Parwani A, Duncan E, Bartlett E, Madonick S, Efferen T, Rajan R, Sanfilipo M, Chappell P, Chakravorty S, Gonzenbach S, Ko G, Rotrosen J. Impaired prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2000;47:662–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Taiminen T, Jaaskelainen S, Ilonen T, Meyer H, Karlsson H, Lauerma H, Leinonen KM, Wallenius E, Kaljonen A, Salokangas RK. Habituation of the blink reflex in first-episode schizophrenia, psychotic depression and non-psychotic depression. Schizophr Res. 2000;44:69–79.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Braff D, Swerdlow N, Geyer M. Symptom correlates of prepulse inhibition deficits in male schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156:596–602.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Quednow BB, Wagner M, Westheide J, Beckmann K, Bliesener N, Maier W, Kuehn K-U. Sensorimotor gating and habituation of the startle response in schizophrenic patients randomly treated with amisulpride or olanzapine. Biol Psychiatry. 2006;59:536–45.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Quednow BB, Frommann I, Berning J, Kühn K-U, Maier W, Wagner M. Impaired sensorimotor gating of the acoustic startle response in the prodrome of schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64:766–73.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lane ST, Franklin JC, Curran PJ. Clarifying the nature of startle habituation using latent curve modeling. Int J Psychophysiol. 2013;88:55–63.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Solowij N, Michie PT. Cannabis and cognitive dysfunction: Parallels with endophenotypes of schizophrenia? J Psychiatr Neurosci. 2007;32:30–52.
Google Scholar
Kedzior K, Badcock J, Martin-Iverson M. Validity and consistency of self-reports regarding substance use in general research volunteers, including regular cannabis users and schizophrenia patients. Subst Use Misuse. 2006;41:743–50.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
World Health Organization. Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), version 2.1. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 1997.
Google Scholar
Gossop M, Darke S, Griffiths P, Hando J, Powis B, Hall W, Strang J. The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS): psychometric properties of the SDS in English and Australian samples of heroin, cocaine and amphetamine users. Addiction. 1995;90:607–14.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kedzior K, Martin-Iverson M. Concurrent validity of cannabis misuse diagnoses on CIDI-Auto 2.1 in low-level cannabis users from the general population. Aust J Psychol. 2007;59:169–75.
Google Scholar
Swerdlow N, Eastvold A, Gerbranda T, Uyan K, Hartman P, Doan Q, Auerbach P. Effects of caffeine on sensorimotor gating of the startle reflex in normal control subjects: impact of caffeine intake and withdrawal. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2000;151:368–78.
Article
Google Scholar
Borenstein M, Hedges L, Higgins J, Rothstein H. Introduction to meta-analysis. Great Britain: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2009.
Book
Google Scholar
Schicatano E, Blumenthal T. The effects of caffeine and directed attention on acoustic startle habituation. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1998;59:145–50.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Solowij N, Michie P, Fox A. Differential impairments of selective attention due to frequency and duration of cannabis use. Biol Psychiatry. 1995;37:731–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hasenkamp W, Kelley M, Egan G, Green A, Wilcox L, Boshoven W, Lewison B, Duncan E. Lack of relationship between acoustic startle and cognitive variables in schizophrenia and control subjects. Psychiat Res. 2011;187:324–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Blanch A, Balada F, Aluja A. Habituation in acoustic startle reflex: Individual differences in personality. Int J Psychophysiol. 2014;91:232–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar