Sad but true? - How induced emotional states differentially bias self-rated Big Five personality traits

BMC Psychology

Table 3 Results of the post-hoc paired t-tests and percentages of changes between measurements

Big five factor	Induced emotion	Post hoc paired t-Tests						Differences¹
		df	t	SE	p	d	d’s 95%CI	n > e	e > n
Neuroticism	Sadness	52	4.12	0.92	< 0.01**	0.34	0.18-0.50	32%	66%
Neuroticism	Hapiness	44	-0.55	0.97	0.59		-0.19-0.11	47%	47%
Extraversion	Sadness	52	-2.16	0.63	< 0.05*	0.13	0.01-0.26	60%	30%
Extraversion	Hapiness	44	1.48	0.95	0.15		-0.06-0.36	33%	56%
Agreeableness	Sadness	52	-2.01	0.58	0.05*	0.14	0.00-0.33	60%	36%
Agreeableness	Hapiness	44	0.52	0.73	0.61		-0.12-0.20	36%	51%

Note. Bold data indicate significant differences at α = .05; * = p < .05; ** = p < .01; df = degrees of freedom; t = t-Value; SE = standard error of the mean, p = p-Value, d = Cohens d; d’s 95% CI = 95% confidence interval for the effect size d; n = neutral condition; e = emotion condition.
¹Percentage of participants with increased vs. decreased personality scores during treatment.

ISSN: 2050-7283