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Table 4 MLR analysis for cognitive, psychological, and socio-demographic variables in mild(not hospitalized), moderate(ward), and severe(ICU) groups of post COVID-19 patients

From: Cognitive performance of post-covid patients in mild, moderate, and severe clinical situations

Groupa

b

SE

p

OR

95% CI for OR

Lower

Upper

Moderate(ward)

      

Processing speed

− 0.060

0.023

< 0.01

0.942

0.900

0.986

Sustained attention

− 0.075

0.028

< 0.01

0.928

0.877

0.981

Visuospatial construction(ROCF−C)

0.102

0.079

0.198

1.107

0.948

1.292

Visual memory(ROCF−R)

− 0.047

0.037

0.196

0.954

0.888

1.025

Working memory(DST)

− 0.203

0.075

< 0.01

0.817

0.705

0.946

Depressive symptoms

0.307

0.096

< 0.001

1.360

1.127

1.641

Anxiety symptoms

0.088

0.096

0.360

1.092

0.905

1.317

Stress symptoms

0.262

0.088

< 0.01

1.769

1.648

1.914

Age

0.105

0.028

< 0.000

1.900

1.852

1.951

Educational level(years)

− 0.142

0.063

0.060

0.868

0.766

0.983

Severe(ICU)

      

Processing speed

− 0.004

0.027

0.879

0.996

0.945

1.049

Sustained attention

− 0.224

0.039

< 0.000

0.799

0.741

0.862

Visuospatial construction(ROCF−C)

− 0.059

0.082

0.475

0.943

0.802

1.108

Visual memory(ROCF−R)

− 0.272

0.046

< 0.000

0.762

0.695

0.834

Working memory(DST)

− 0.203

0.103

< 0.05

0.226

0.001

0.500

Depressive symptoms

0.264

0.102

< 0.01

1.302

1.065

1.590

Anxiety symptoms

0.048

0.106

0.651

1.049

0.852

1.293

Stress symptoms

− 0.218

0.105

0.058

0.804

0.654

0.988

Age

0.084

0.033

< 0.01

1.920

1.862

1.981

Educational level(years)

− 0.137

0.074

0.064

0.872

0.754

1.008

  1. a The reference category is mild (Not hospitalized)
  2. OR: odds ratio; SE: standard error; 95% CI: confidence interval
  3. ROCF-C: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure-copy; ROCF-R: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure-recall; DST: digit span total (forward and backward)