Study | Participants | TV program’s | Conditions | Attention assessment | Conclusion | Quality | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feature | Length | Â | Pre-viewing | Post-viewing | Â | Â | ||
Anderson et al. [40] | n = 72 4-year-olds | Pace | 40 min | 1. Sesame Street (fast-paced; edited version) 2. Sesame Street (slow-paced; edited version) 3. Read a storybook by a parent (control) | ––- | • Replacement Puzzle Test • 10- minute Free-play observations | No immediate effect of pacing | 17/21 |
Geist and Gibson [37] | n = 62 4- to 6-year-olds | Pace | 30 min | 1. Mighty Morphin’ Power Rangers (fast-paced) 2. Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood (slow-paced) 3. Free-play (control) | ––- | • Free-play: Number of task changes observations • Free-play: Time on-task observations | Negative effect of fast-paced TV programs | 15/21 |
Cooper et al. [12] | n = 37 4- to 7-year-olds | Pace | 3.5 min | 1. Narration of Winnie at the Seaside book (fast-paced; edited version) 2. Narration of Winnie at the Seaside book (slow-paced; edited version) | ––- | • Attention Networks Task | Positive effect of fast-paced TV programs Age x pacing interaction has a significant effect | 13/21 |
Kostyrka-Allchorne et al. [38] | n = 70 2- to 4.5-year-olds | Pace | 4 min | 1. Narration of Winnie at the Seaside book (fast-paced; edited version) 2. Narration of Winnie at the Seaside book (slow-paced; edited version) | Free-play: number of toy changes observations | • Free-play: number of toy changes observations | Negative effect of fast-paced TV programs on attention | 16/21 |
Kostyrka-Allchorne et al. [39] | n = 187 3.5- to 5-year-olds | Pace and Fantasy | 5–6 min | 1. Narration of Room on the Broom book (fast and fantastical; edited version) 2. Narration of Room on the Broom book (slow and fantastical; edited version) 3. narration of Charlie and Lola book (fast and non-fantastical; edited version) 4. narration of Charlie and Lola book (slow and non-fantastical; edited version) | ––- | • Continuous performance test (CPT) | No immediate effect of pace or fantasy on attention Fantasy x pacing interaction has a significant effect on attention: positive effect of fast-paced | 18/21 |