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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the participants. All participants were native Japanese speakers residing in Japan at the time of the study

From: Distinct associations between gratitude, self-esteem, and optimism with subjective and psychological well-being among Japanese individuals

Participant N

 

71

Gender

   
 

Female

30

41%

 

Male

41

58%

Age

 

20 to 29

69

97%

 

30 to 39

2

3%

Currently a college/graduate student?

 

Yes

64

90%

 

No

7

10%

Personal income

 

0–100,000 yen

57

80%

 

100,001–200,000 yen

12

17%

 

200,001–300,000 yen

2

3%

 

300,001–400,000 yen

0

0%

 

400,001–500,000 yen

0

0%

 

 > 500,000 yen

0

0%