Table 2 Descriptive analysis of the items and response rate of the items
Items | M | SD | g1 | g2 | Response rate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||||
1. Family members feel emotionally close to each other. | 3.33 | 0.84 | -1.21 | 1.12 | 0.6% | 2.9% | 12.2% | 31.9% | 52.5% |
2. Children participate in problem solving. | 2.74 | 1.10 | − 0.68 | − 0.14 | 4.6% | 8.1% | 24.7% | 33.8% | 28.8% |
3. In our family, discipline (rules, obligations, consequences, punishments) is fair. | 3.19 | 0.94 | -1.20 | 1.21 | 1.7% | 4.2% | 13.1% | 35.3% | 45.6% |
4. All family members participate in decision-making. | 2.95 | 1.02 | − 0.88 | 0.37 | 3.1% | 5.2% | 21% | 35.3% | 35.3% |
5. Family members ask each other for help. | 3.38 | 0.86 | -1.48 | 1.98 | 1% | 2.9% | 10.4% | 28.2% | 57.5% |
6. In the development of discipline guidelines (rules, obligations) we take into account the opinion of the children. | 2.85 | 1.09 | − 0.83 | 0.06 | 4.2% | 7.5% | 20.5% | 34.4% | 33.4% |
7. When problems arise, we negotiate to find a solution. | 3.01 | 1.03 | -1.05 | 0.69 | 3.1% | 6.2% | 15.1% | 38.4% | 37.3% |
8. In our family, we do activities together regularly. | 2.91 | 1.09 | − 0.76 | − 0.24 | 2.9% | 8.7% | 21% | 29.2% | 38.2% |
9. Family members are free to express themselves. | 3.46 | 0.80 | -1.83 | 4.02 | 1.4% | 1.5% | 6.9% | 30.3% | 59.8% |
10. In our family we usually meet in the same place (kitchen, living room, or other space). | 3.17 | 1.03 | -1.19 | 0.86 | 2.7% | 4.4% | 16% | 27% | 49.8% |
11. Family members like to spend our free time together. | 2.77 | 1.09 | − 0.59 | − 0.42 | 3.1% | 10.6% | 23.4% | 32% | 30.9% |
12. In our family, it is easy for all of us to express our opinion. | 3.09 | 0.97 | − 0.99 | 0.65 | 2.1% | 3.9% | 18.7% | 33.6% | 41.7% |
13. Family members support each other in difficult times. | 3.58 | 0.76 | -2.24 | 5.61 | 1% | 2.1% | 4.6% | 22.4% | 69.9% |
14. In our family, we try new ways to solve problems. | 3.02 | 0.96 | − 0.84 | 0.14 | 1.2% | 7.1% | 16.8% | 38% | 36.9% |
15. Family members share interests and hobbies. | 2.81 | 1.04 | − 0.67 | − 0.12 | 2.7% | 8.7% | 22.6% | 36.7% | 29.3% |
16. We all have a say in family decisions. | 2.97 | 1.04 | − 0.88 | 0.24 | 2.9% | 5.8% | 20.7% | 32.8% | 37.8% |
17. Family members consult each other about our personal decisions. | 2.58 | 1.13 | − 0.45 | − 0.50 | 5.2% | 11% | 29.3% | 29.5% | 24.9% |
18. Parents and children talk about punishments and rules. | 2.60 | 1.21 | − 0.62 | − 0.42 | 8.3% | 8.3% | 25.9% | 30.1% | 27.4% |
19. Family unity is a primary concern. | 3.09 | 1.10 | -1.16 | 0.54 | 3.7% | 7.1% | 13.3% | 28.4% | 47.5% |
20. Family members discuss our problems and feel good about the decisions made together. | 2.80 | 1.13 | − 0.69 | − 0.33 | 3.9% | 10.4% | 20.7% | 31.9% | 33.2% |