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Table 1 Descriptive analysis of variables

From: Modelling the associations between academic engagement, study process and grit on academic achievement of physical education and sport university students

 

Mean

Std. Deviation

Skewness

Kurtosis

BE

2.738

0.579

0.388

-0.155

EE

2.675

0.694

0.335

-0.146

CE

2.600

0.663

0.363

-0.314

PHI

3.087

0.833

-0.060

-0.493

PHE

2.948

0.846

-0.038

-0.790

AI

2.709

0.865

0.212

-0.525

AE

2.769

0.913

0.272

-0.571

SPT

3.013

0.816

-0.104

-0.451

DPT

2.871

0.808

0.249

-0.788

STT

2.586

0.790

0.438

-0.442

DTT

2.569

0.852

0.527

-0.313

  1. [DPT: Deep Practical Task; DTT: Deep Theoretical Task; SPT: Surface Practical Task; STT: Surface Theoretical Task; BE: Behavioral Engagement; EE: Emotional Engagement; CE: Cognitive Engagement; PHI: Physical Interest; PHE: Physical Effort; AI: Academic Interest; AE: Academic Effort]