α | regular men (n = 111) | regular women (n = 111) | non-regular men (n = 71) | non-regular women (n = 107) | main effect | reciprocal action | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mean | SD | mean | SD | mean | SD | mean | SD | gender | employment status | gender × employment status | ||
turnover intention | 1.95 | 1.08 | 2.43 | 1.37 | 2.18 | 1.15 | 2.09 | 1.16 | - | - | 5.38* | |
feeling of being pressurized | 0.92 | 2.45 | 1.00 | 2.77 | 1.01 | 2.80 | 1.01 | 2.60 | 0.99 | - | - | 6.39* |
urge to develop one’s career | 0.87 | 2.82 | 0.89 | 3.01 | 0.97 | 2.99 | 1.06 | 2.77 | 0.88 | - | - | 4.67* |
concern for one’s career | 0.84 | 3.22 | 1.00 | 3.60 | 0.83 | 3.32 | 0.99 | 3.49 | 0.86 | 3.06** | - | - |
stagnation of career exploration | 0.85 | 2.48 | 0.81 | 2.78 | 0.75 | 2.57 | 0.78 | 2.72 | 0.84 | 2.94** | - | - |
low evaluation from affiliation | 0.82 | 2.48 | 0.75 | 2.69 | 0.79 | 2.40 | 0.77 | 2.56 | 0.83 | 2.21** | - | - |
upward comparison of the careers of friends and acquaintances | 0.82 | 2.19 | 0.77 | 2.39 | 0.74 | 2.22 | 0.81 | 2.43 | 0.85 | 2.69** | - | - |
lack of work–life balance | 0.73 | 2.44 | 0.75 | 2.89 | 0.69 | 2.43 | 0.68 | 2.78 | 0.75 | 5.44*** | - | - |