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Table 4 Negative effects of intervention participation for both groups

From: StudiCare procrastination - Randomized controlled non-inferiority trial of a persuasive design-optimized internet- and mobile-based intervention with digital coach targeting procrastination in college students

Negative effect

Number of impacted participants n (%)

p

Impact of negative effect M (SD)

Negative impact from treatment n (%)

CG

IG

 

CG

IG

CG

IG

Problems with sleep

16 (14)

14 (12)

0.51

3.19 (0.98)

3.0 (0.96)

0

0

More stress

18 (15)

18 (16)

0.83

3.28 (1.13)

3.28 (0.83)

3 (17)

5 (28)

More anxiety

6 (5)

7 (6)

1.0

4.00 (0.89)

3.0 (0.58)

0

3 (43)

More worried

12 (10)

10 (9)

0.63

3.08 (0.67)

2.70 (0.68)

1 (8)

3 (30)

More hopelessness

11 (9)

7 (6)

0.29

3.64 (1.03)

3.43 (0.98)

2 (18)

2 (29)

More unpleasant feelings

16 (13)

17 (15)

1.0

3.13 (0.89)

2.71 (1.21)

7 (44)

8 (47)

Issue got worse

8 (7)

11 (10)

0.62

2.75 (1.34)

3.27 (1.68)

1 (13)

3 (27)

Resurface of unplesant memories

16 (14)

16 (14)

0.83

2.75 (0.93)

2.75 (1.13)

8 (50)

5 (31)

Fear other people find out about treatment

6 (5)

5 (4)

0.75

2.00 (1.90)

2.60 (0.55)

3 (50)

0

Feeling ashamed

5 (4)

3 (3)

0.47

1.40 (1.14)

1.33 (1.16)

4 (80)

1 (33)

Stop thinking things could get better

12 (10)

8 (7)

0.31

2.83 (1.03)

3.00 (1.07)

4 (33)

4 (50)

Start thinking issue could not be made any better

13 (11)

18 (16)

0.51

3.46 (1.27)

2.94 (1.16)

6 (46)

11 (61)

Developed dependency on treatment

1 (1)

1 (1)

1.0

1.0

2.0

1 (100)

1 (100)

Not always understand treatment

7 (6)

7 (6)

1.0

2.14 (0.69)

2.57 (1.27)

6 (86)

6 (86)

Not always understand therapist

2 (2)

3 (3)

1.0

3.5 (0.71)

2.0 (1.0)

2 (100)

3 (100)

No confidence in treatment

10 (9)

9 (8)

0.80

2.40 (0.70)

2.44 (1.51)

9 (90)

7 (78)

No results produced by treatment

17 (15)

26 (22)

0.15

2.76 (1.15)

2.62 (1.36)

12 (71)

17 (65)

Expectations for treatment not fulfilled

13 (11)

14 (12)

1.0

2.46 (1.20)

2.71 (1.38)

13 (100)

12 (86)

Feeling of treatment as not motivating

5 (4)

5 (4)

1.0

2.40 (1.14)

3.60 (1.14)

3 (60)

4 (80)

  1. Note. Measured by the Negative Effects Questionnaire (NEQ), 19 item version; M = Mean, SD = Standard deviation, IG = Intervention group (n = 48), CG = Control group (n = 44)