Table 5 Summary of studies on PPI deficit that compared neurocognitive disorders patients to matched controls
Study | Startle response (SR) | Prepulse inhibition (PPI) | Neurobiology proposed | Cognition proposed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Perriol et al. [92] | NR | PD > AD > Control: ↓ %PPI (ISI 120ms) | Subcortical-thalamo-cortical system dysfunction RT ↓ PPI | Exogenous care RT PPI modulation (ISI 120ms) |
Zoetmulder et al. [106] | No differences | PD > Control: ↓ %PPI (ISI 60 and 120ms) | Striatal dysfunction RT ↓ PPI | NR |
Millian-Morell et al. [115] | No differences (tendency: PD > Control: ↑ SR lat.) | PD > Control: ↑ %PPI (ISI 120ms) | Deficits in basal ganglia, PFC & dopaminergic network RT ↑ PPI | Motor coordination deficit RT ↑ PPI |
Hejl et al. [90] | No differences | No differences | The cholinergic system would have a weak relationship with PPI | NR |
Ueki et al. [98] | No differences | MCI > Control: ↑ %PPI AD > Control: ↓ %PPI | Deficits in entorhinal cortex in early stages of AD RT ↓ PPI | Cognitive-behavioral dementia symptoms RT ↓ PPI |
Swerdlow et al. [84] | HD > Control: ↑ SR lat. | HD > Control: ↓ %PPI | Deficits in GABA efferent circuit from striatum-pale RT ↓ PPI | Inhibitory & executive deficits RT ↑ SR latency |
Muñoz et al. [89] | HD > Control: ↑ SR lat. | HD > Control: ↓ %PPI HD + cm > HD: ↓ %PPI | Glutamatergic dysfunction RT ↓ PPI | NR |