Table 4 The accepted and rejected hypotheses in the study
Hypotheses | Result | |
|---|---|---|
H1 | Universalism has a positive effect on participation. | Rejected |
H2 | Benevolence has a positive effect on participation. | Accepted |
H3 | Stimulation has a positive effect on participation. | Accepted |
H4 | Self-direction has a positive effect on protest and social responsibility. | Accepted |
H5 | Universalism has a positive effect on protest and social responsibility. | Rejected |
H6 | Stimulation has a positive effect on protest and social responsibility. | Accepted |
H7 | Tradition has a negative effect on political literacy. | Accepted |
H8 | Conformity has a negative effect on political literacy | Rejected |
H9 | Security has a negative effect on political literacy. | Rejected |
H10 | Power has a positive effect on political literacy. | Accepted |
H11 | Constructive patriotism has a positive effect on active citizenship. | Accepted |
H12 | Blind patriotism has no effect on active citizenship. | Rejected |
H13 | Self-direction has a positive effect on protest and social responsibiltiy via constructive patriotism. | Accepted |
H14 | Self-direction has a positive effect on participation via constructive patriotism. | Accepted |
H15 | Self-direction has a positive effect on political literacy via constructive patriotism. | Accepted |
H16 | Universalism has a positive effect on protest and social responsibiltiy via constructive patriotism. | Accepted |
H17 | Universalism has a positive effect on participation via constructive patriotism. | Accepted |
H18 | Universalism has a positive effect on political literacy via constructive patriotism. | Accepted |