Table 2 Subgroup analysis for the prevalence of self-harm
From: Global prevalence of self-harm during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Variables | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | P value* |
|---|---|---|
Study place | Â | Â |
 Asia | 0.277 (0.159–0.413) | P < 0.001 |
 Europe | 0.103 (0.078–0.130) | P < 0.001 |
 America | 0.113 (0.036–0.226) | P < 0.001 |
 Oceania | 0.112 (0.049–0.195) | P < 0.001 |
Study time | Â | Â |
 Prior to July 2020 | 0.149 (0.088–0.214) | P < 0.001 |
 After July 2020 | 0.145 (0.102–0.203) | P < 0.001 |
Study design | Â | Â |
 Cross-sectional | 0.184 (0.141–0.231) | P < 0.001 |
 Non cross-sectional | 0.055 (0.019–0.107) | P < 0.001 |
Sample source | Â | Â |
 School | 0.160 (0.055–0.306) | P < 0.001 |
 Hospital | 0.156 (0.075–0.260) | P < 0.001 |
 Other sources | 0.132 (0.086–0.186) | P < 0.001 |
Age | Â | Â |
 Only adolescent | 0.229 (0.147–0.310) | P < 0.001 |
 All age groups | 0.117 (0.080–0.155) | P < 0.001 |
Gender | Â | Â |
 Male | 0.160 (0.094–0.240) | P < 0.001 |
 Female | 0.206 (0.130–0.293) | P < 0.001 |
Purpose of self-harm | Â | Â |
 Non-suicidal self-injury | 0.205 (0.074–0.380) | P < 0.001 |
 Unspecified | 0.116 (0.083–0.153) | P < 0.001 |
Mental symptoms | Â | Â |
 Yes | 0.146 (0.073–0.238) | P < 0.001 |
 No | 0.036 (0.018–0.059) | P = 0.001 |
Restrictions | Â | Â |
 Yes | 0.112 (0.010–0.304) | P = 0.006 |
 No | 0.062 (0.032–0.100) | P < 0.001 |