Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the participants and their relation with craving beliefs about substance use

Age of starting drug use (yr.)

 ≤ 18

 F = 0.98 (0.38)

 19–30

 > 30

History of drug use (yr.)

 < 5

 F = 0.01 (0.99)

 5–10

 > 10

History of secession (yr.)

 < 5

 F = 0.42 (0.66)

 5–10

 > 10

Being an NA member (yr.)

 < 5

 F = 1.07 (0.34)

 5–10

 > 10

History of mental disorders

 Yes

t = 1.48 (0.14)

 No

History of physical disorders

 Yes

Z = -0.08 (0.94)

 No

History of opium use

 Yes

Z = -0.76 (0.45)

 No

History of Shisheh use

 Yes

t = -1.12 (0.26)

 No

History of crack use

 Yes

t = -2.86 (0.005)

 No

History of marijuana use

 Yes

t = -0.40 (0.69)

 No

History of cocaine use

 Yes

t = 0.02 (0.98)

 No

History of other drug use

 Yes

Z = -0.04 (0.97)

 No

History of using different type of substances

 One type

 F = 2.52 (0.06)

 Two types

 Three types

 ≥ Four types

History of family member addiction

 Yes

Z = -1.78 (0.07)

 No

History of unsuccessful secession

 Yes

t = 1.2 (0.23)

 No