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Table1 Teaching methods and contents of every session

From: The effect of problem-solving and assertiveness training on self-esteem and mental health of female adolescents: a randomized clinical trial

Sessions

Actions, methods, techniques and contents

First session

Explaining the goals of taking part in the group, displaying media content affective on motivation of the target group, using simple and creative methods like preparing a notebook for solving problems from today until the rest of their lives (for creative naming and problem-solving)

Using balloons and writing down fears on them, then bursting them in order to eliminate the fear

Stablishing sincere relationships by involving class members in expressing their dreams and goals

Second session

Enhancing students’ self-confidence by hanging motivational sentences in the classroom

Attempting to change the mental model of members from “I cannot” to “I can” using age-appropriate stories

Defining assertive and unassertive behavior by describing and comparing it using two different stories

Practicing critical thinking and expressing opinions using plays designed by students

Third session

Practicing assertiveness by involving each of the class members in discussions

Teaching problem defining as the next step in problem-solving skill

Teaching body language using role-play and explaining its importance in a simple way

Explaining individual rights and using visual contents in the class

Considering anger management as a method of reaching a suitable solution to the problems ahead

Forth session

Teaching brainstorming method as the next step in problem-solving and practicing it in class

Promoting self-confidence by emphasizing on satisfaction with individual differences and physical features by telling informative stories

Teaching how to understand individual rights and express opinions by involving participants in discussions

Fifth session

Using positive imagination and storytelling for motivation

Teaching If–Then technique as the next step in problem-solving process and using decision-making tables technique

Rebuilding the issues that they have had encountered with at home and at school during these sessions by role-playing

Practicing how to reject unreasonable requests by expressing students’ experiences in the classroom

Accepting individual and physical differences and expressing dreams in public as a technique to enhance assertiveness

Sixth session

Emphasizing on consulting in order to reach the right solution to problems

Managing stress as an important issue and by mentioned methods, and brainstorming solutions designed by students

Saying goodbye and encouraging students to continue the practices by hanging the sentence “I should learn the skill of problem-solving and assertiveness in order to reach my dreams” on the class board