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Table 3 Summary of Mann-Whitney U test for two-level demographics

From: Parenting children with autism spectrum disorder in the United Arab Emirates: Exploring perceptions towards using the picture exchange communication system to enhance the development of children with autism spectrum disorder

N = 73

 

Communication skills

Learning Skills

Social Inter. Skills

Overall PTPECS

 

Sample

Mean

Med.

P

Mean

Med.

p.

Mean

Med.

p.

Mean

Med.

p

Years with PECS

   

0.20

  

0.03*

  

0.91

  

0.21

1–5 Years

6 or more years

43 (59%)

30 (41%)

5.16 (0.55)

4.99 (0.60)

5.20

5.00

 

5.20 (0.57)

5.00 (0.45)

5.20

5.00

 

5.19 (0.49)

5.18 (0.38)

5.17

5.17

 

5.18 (0.48)

5.06 (0.43)

5.12

5.06

 

Effect size

            

0.14

Gender of child

   

0.99

  

0.38

  

0.97

  

0.88

Boy

Girl

41 (56%)

32 (44%)

5.11 (0.64)

5.06 (0.45)

5.00

5.00

 

5.17 (0.54)

5.05 (0.52)

5.00

5.00

 

5.20 (0.48)

5.17 (0.41)

5.17

5.17

 

5.13 (0.52)

5.09 (0.37)

5.12

5.06

 

Effect size

            

0.14

Frequency of using PECS

   

0.44

  

0.64

  

0.71

  

0.91

Rarely

Frequently

26 (36%)

47 (54%)

5.06 (0.76)

5.11 (0.44)

5.20

5.00

 

5.04 (0.68)

5.16 (0.42)

5.00

5.00

 

5.19 (0.52)

5.18 (0.40)

5.25

5.17

 

5.10 (0.61)

5.15 (0.37)

5.06

5.13

 

Effect size

            

0.14

  1. *P < .05; PECS = Picture Exchange Communication System; Med. = Median; PTPECS = Perception towards Picture exchange communication system scale; Social Inter. Skills = social interaction skills
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BMC Psychology

ISSN: 2050-7283

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