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Table 4 Summary of biased items by DIF

From: Psychometric properties of Leisure Satisfaction Scale (LSS)-short form: a Rasch rating model calibration approach

Items No

RW t

p-value

DIF contrast

DIF category

1

0

1

0

A

2

2.1

0.0361

0.28

A

3

− 0.69

0.4895

− 0.09

A

4

1.99

0.047

0.27

A

5

− 0.58

0.5655

− 0.08

A

6

− 2.69

0.0074

− 0.41

A

7

0.54

0.5912

0.07

A

8

− 1.08

0.2825

− 0.15

A

9

0

1

0

A

10

− 0.53

0.5944

− 0.08

A

11

− 0.62

0.5351

− 0.09

A

12

0

1

0

A

13

− 0.47

0.6365

− 0.07

A

14

− 0.33

0.7448

− 0.05

A

15

1.5

0.1337

0.21

A

16

− 0.7

0.4826

− 0.1

A

19

1.57

0.1164

0.2

A

20

1.38

0.1689

0.18

A

21

− 1.74

0.0825

− 0.24

A

22

− 0.84

0.3989

− 0.12

A

23

0

1

0

A

24

0.17

0.8665

0.02

A