Table 2 Observed means and standard deviations for outcome measures

Confidence in helping vignette

2.71

0.96

3.95

0.67

3.86

0.79

Social distance

2.73

0.73

2.40

0.80

2.43

0.78

Knowledge about gambling problems

68.11

19.01

85.56

10.28

82.26

12.03

Intended help—recommended actions, number concordant

9.06

2.09

10.19

1.12

9.45

1.90

Intended help—non-recommended actions, number concordant

6.12

1.65

7.06

1.24

6.83

1.36

Help provided—recommended actions, number concordant

4.39

2.97

5.28

2.95

Help provided—non-recommended actions, number concordant

8.51

0.74

8.91

0.34

Confidence in helping person with problem gambling

2.62

1.11

3.62

0.93