Mental health and self-determination profiles of the diverse population of medical students in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Table 2 Average component scores by selected demographic variables

		Mental health	Depth of learning	Concern	Communication	Timing	Graduation	Virtual Assessment	Student-Centred Learning
		C1	C2	C3	C4	C5	C6	C8	C9
All students	Mean	2.81	2.18	3.02	2.58	3.47	3.23	2.66	3.34
	SD	0.80	0.65	0.90	0.76	0.57	1.10	1.44	0.80
Stage
Pre-clinical	Mean	2.82	2.26*	3.03	2.60	3.39*	3.07*	2.73	3.20*
	SD	0.76	0.63	0.85	0.78	0.49	1.08	1.53	0.74
Clinical	Mean	2.88	2.06*	3.00	2.57	3.60*	3.47*	2.56	3.55*
	SD	0.86	0.65	0.98	0.74	0.65	1.09	1.27	0.86
	p		0.002			0.000	0.000		0.000
Gender^a
Male	Mean	3.10*	2.27	2.93	2.51	3.41	3.07	2.71	3.50*
	SD	0.71	0.65	0.84	0.73	0.57	1.10	1.48	0.78
Female	Mean	2.73*	2.14	3.06	2.63	3.49	3.28	2.59	3.26*
	SD	0.82	0.64	0.93	0.78	0.56	1.10	1.40	0.81
	p	0.000							0.013
Ethnicity
Malay	Mean	2.60*	2.10	3.11	2.68	3.40	3.35*	2.80	3.30
	SD	0.78	0.67	0.86	0.72	0.57	0.99	1.39	0.78
Chinese	Mean	3.05*	2.23	2.93	2.59	3.48	3.25*	2.50	3.36
	SD	0.73	0.57	0.91	0.79	0.55	1.10	1.41	0.81
Indian	Mean	2.74*	2.34	3.12	2.45	3.51	2.75*	2.71	3.33
	SD	0.82	0.86	0.89	0.60	0.66	1.14	1.61	0.80
International	Mean	2.32*	2.01	3.21	2.36	3.51	3.11*	2.44	3.50
	SD	0.93	0.73	0.96	0.95	0.55	1.32	1.39	0.76
	p	0.000					0.013
Income
B40	Mean	2.77	2.10	3.14*	2.56	3.46	3.33	2.70	3.30
	SD	0.90	0.57	0.92	0.63	0.50	1.07	1.47	0.95
M40	Mean	2.86	2.17	3.05*	2.51	3.46	3.29	2.74	3.36
	SD	0.79	0.69	0.90	0.77	0.59	1.13	1.46	0.80
T20	Mean	2.82	2.21	2.80*	2.71	3.49	3.07	2.49	3.29
	SD	0.77	0.58	0.87	0.80	0.55	1.02	1.37	0.76
	p			0.026

SD, Standard Deviation; B40, Bottom 40th percentile; M40, Middle 40th percentile; T20, Top 20th percentile; C, Component
*Indicate mean scores that are significantly different from at least one other variable (p < 0.05)
^aNon-binary students excluded due to the small sample size

ISSN: 2050-7283