Skip to main content

Table 4 Prevalence of overdose and under dose in mothers (n = 310) during measuring sessions

From: Can use of pictograms reduce liquid medication administration errors by mothers? An interventional study

Dosing device

Dose (mL)

Session N = 310

Overdose n (%)

OR

Underdose n (%)

OR

Dropper

0.5

TOMS

137 (44)

7.12

48 (16)

7.93

  

TPMS

31 (10)

 

7 (2)

 
 

1

TOMS

122 (39)

10.52

74 (24)

9.40

  

TPMS

18 (6)

 

10 (3)

 

Measuring cup

2.5

TOMS

142 (46)

13.71

50 (16)

4.95

  

TPMS

18 (6)

 

8 (2)

 
 

5

TOMS

170 (55)

20.92

36 (12)

6.65

  

TPMS

17 (5)

 

6 (2)

 

Calibrated spoon

2.5

TOMS

179 (58)

13.24

36 (12)

4.39

  

TPMS

29 (9)

 

9 (3)

 
 

5

TOMS

168 (54)

10.27

42 (14)

5.24

  

TPMS

32 (10)

 

9 (3)

 
  1. OR odds ratio; all rate ratios were statistically significant; (P < 0.001 for all OR displayed)