Post-traumatic stress impact on health outcomes in Gulf War Illness

BMC Psychology

Table 3 Comparison of Davidson Trauma Scale cut-point derived GWI subgroups

Measure	Mean (SEM)			p^c			g*
Measure	HC	GWI −	GWI +	HC /GWI −	HC /GWI +	GWI − /GWI +	HC /GWI −	HC /GWI +	GWI− /GWI +
RAND SF-36*
Physical functioning	9.2 (2.2)	37.3 (6.3)	53.7 (5.0)	0.001	< 0.001	0.053	7.56	12.05	2.96
Physical role^a	9.7 (3.7)	63.3 (10.0)	83.9 (5.2)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.083	8.92	16.70	2.87
Pain	18.6 (3.0)	56.3 (5.2)	67.1 (4.1)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.116	10.17	13.67	2.37
General health percept	21.1 (2.5)	61.7 (4.4)	67.5 (3.9)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.326	13.00	14.54	1.42
Energy/fatigue	29.6 (2.6)	66.7 (5.6)	76.4 (2.8)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.140	10.28	17.29	2.44
Social function	9.1 (2.2)	40.8 (7.3)	65.7 (4.8)	0.001	< 0.001	0.008	7.68	15.86	4.30
Emotional role ^b	3.8 (1.9)	37.8 (10.2)	80.6 (5.8)	0.005	< 0.001	0.001	6.28	18.72	5.63
Emotional well-being	15.5 (1.8)	38.6 (3.6)	58.0 (3.8)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.001	9.69	15.10	5.12
MFI
General fatigue	18.5 (2.6)	57.2 (4.9)	72.6 (3.3)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.016	11.57	18.44	3.87
Physical fatigue	14.1 (2.5)	56.0 (7.1)	65.0 (3.7)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.287	9.89	16.47	1.77
Mental fatigue	15.3 (3.1)	55.3 (6.8)	73.2 (3.7)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.031	9.08	16.83	3.59
Reduced activity	14.6 (2.4)	48.8 (7.0)	60.1 (4.3)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.196	8.29	13.55	2.10
Reduced motivation	13.7 (2.0)	43.3 (5.8)	57.9 (4.3)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.054	8.64	13.84	2.99
DTS
Intrusion	3.0 (1.0)	8.4 (2.3)	27.2 (1.2)	0.043	< 0.001	< 0.001	3.77	22.73	11.60
Avoidance/numbness	2.9 (1.1)	10.3 (1.9)	39.9 (1.7)	0.003	< 0.001	< 0.001	5.27	26.23	16.50
Hyperarousal	4.1 (1.3)	15.7 (2.6)	30.8 (1.1)	0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	6.68	21.92	8.71
Total	10.1 (3.0)	34.4 (5.5)	97.9 (3.3)	0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	6.43	28.08	15.27

^*SF-36 scores shown as (100 − score) to invert scale to align with MFI and DTS such that higher values indicate greater disability
^aPhysical Role (Role Limitations due to Physical Health)
^bEmotional Role (Role Limitations due to Emotional Problems)
^cFalse discovery rate calculated by the method of Benjamini and Hochberg [4] for all significant p values is < 0.06

ISSN: 2050-7283