Table 2 Prevalence of psychological distress by self-reported vision difficulty and clinician assessed vision loss
From: Vision loss, vision difficulty and psychological distress in South Africa: results from SANHANES-1
Level of psychological distress | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Low distress (K10 ≤ 19) | Mild distress (K10 20–24) | Moderate distress (K10 25–29) | Very high/Severe distress (K10 ≥ 30) | p value (Chi-sq test) | ||||
% | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | ||
Total | 80.2 | 78.3–82.0 | 11.6 | 10.3–12.9 | 5 | 4.2–5.9 | 3.3 | 2.6–4.0 |  |
Self-reported myopia | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
None | 84.4 | 82.5–86.1 | 9.7 | 8.5–11.1 | 3.5 | 2.7–4.4 | 2.4 | 1.8–3.1 | < 0.001 |
Mild | 70 | 64.6–74.9 | 17.3 | 13.6–21.7 | 8.9 | 6.2–12.7 | 3.8 | 2.4–6.0 |  |
Moderate | 59.5 | 52.9–65.8 | 21.2 | 16.6–26.6 | 12.9 | 9.2–17.7 | 6.5 | 4.2–9.8 |  |
Severe/Extreme/unable | 54.2 | 44.6–63.4 | 17.6 | 11.5–26.0 | 12.1 | 7.7–18.5 | 16.1 | 10.8–23.4 |  |
Self-reported hyperopia | |||||||||
None | 84.2 | 82.2–85.9 | 9.8 | 8.6–11.2 | 3.7 | 3.0–4.6 | 2.3 | 1.8–3.0 | < 0.001 |
Mild | 71 | 66.0–75.6 | 17.8 | 14.4–21.7 | 7 | 4.8–10.0 | 4.2 | 2.5–7.1 |  |
Moderate | 59.6 | 53.1–65.8 | 19.8 | 15.6–24.7 | 12.1 | 8.4–17.2 | 8.5 | 6.0–11.8 |  |
Severe/Extreme/unable | 53 | 44.2–61.6 | 19.2 | 14.0–25.6 | 14.9 | 9.9–21.9 | 13 | 7.9–20.6 |  |
Clinician assessed vision loss | |||||||||
Normal | 81.1 | 79.1–83.0 | 11.3 | 10.1–12.6 | 4.6 | 3.8–5.5 | 3 | 2.4–3.9 | < 0.001 |
Loss of vision | 71.9 | 67.3–76.1 | 15.9 | 12.2–20.4 | 7.7 | 5.6–10.5 | 4.5 | 3.1–6.5 |  |