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Table 5 OLS Regression models for number of penalties

From: Referee height influences decision making in British football leagues

Model

Penalties awarded

1

2

3

4

5

Height

−.050 (.041)

−.064 (.037)

−.046 (.039)

−.194** (.062)

−.180** (.060)

Age

 

−.180*** (.046)

  

−.131* (.053)

League: Championship

  

−1.730 (.930)

−39.234* (15.627)

−31.899* (15.257)

League: Premier

  

−2.645** (.915)

−47.035** (16.437)

−37.323* (16.228)

Height*League: Championship

   

.212* (.088)

.171 (.086)

Height*League: Premier League

   

.250** (.092)

.202* (.091)

Constant

13.540 (7.343)

22.759** (7.019)

14.101* (6.979)

40.289*** (11.027)

42.263*** (10.588)

Observations

61

61

61

61

61

R2

.024

.225

.157

.275

.347

Adjusted R2

.008

.198

.112

.209

.275

Residual Std. Error

3.149 (df = 59)

2.832 (df = 58)

2.979 (df = 57)

2.812 (df = 55)

2.693 (df = 54)

F Statistic

1.468 (df = 1; 59)

8.402*** (df = 2; 58)

3.532* (df = 3; 57)

4.165** (df = 5; 55)

4.788*** (df = 6; 54)

  1. Notes
  2. *p < .05
  3. **p < .01
  4. ***p < .001