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Table 7 Adjusted mean scores (M) with confidence intervals (CI) of mental health related problems by household size, stratified by sex

From: Effect of household size on mental problems in children: results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study

Household size

3 years

5 years

8 years

Eating/somatic

Hyperactivity/concentration

Difficult temperament

Anxiety

Boys

Girls

Boys

Girls

Boys

Girls

Boys

Girls

1

.02 (-.06, .10)

.04 (-.04, .12)

.01 (-.06,. 09)

-.02 (-.10, .05)

.09 (-.14, .20)

.01 (-.10, .12)

.06 (-.07, .20)

-.05 (-.17, .07)

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

-.23 (-.26,-.20)

-.23 (-.26,-.30)

-.08 (-.11,-.06)

-.10 (-.12,-.07)

-.12 (-.15,-.08)

-.14 (-.18,-.11)

-.14 (-.19,-.09)

-.06 (-.11,-.01)

4

-.24 (-.28,-.20)

-.26 (-.30,-.22)

-.24 (-.28,-.20)

-.25 (-.28,-.21)

-.28 (-.33,-.24)

-.33 (-.38,-.28)

-.16 (-.22,-.10)

-.15 (-.21,-.09)

5

-.26 (-.33,-.19)

-.31 (-.38,-.23)

-.28 (-.35,-.21)

-.30 (-.37,-.23)

-.22 (-.31,-.12)

-.38 (-.48,-.28)

-.18 (-.29,-.07)

-.21 (-.33,-.08)

6+

-.25 (-.37,-.13)

-.23 (-.36,-.10)

-.22 (-.34,-.09)

-.33 (-.45,-.21)

-.38 (-.52,-.24)

-.41 (-.58,-.25)

-.15 (-.36,-.07)

-.31 (-.53,-.10)

  1. The outcome scores are z-scaled (SD = 1) with parents only (size = 2) as reference. The results are adjusted for maternal age, maternal and paternal educational level, family income, maternal and paternal period of leave from work after birth, maternal breastfeeding status when child is 18 months, and animals in the family. Results are shown for the outcome variables for which a significant (p < .01) overall “sex X household size” interaction effect could be demonstrated; that is, comparing household size = 2 with larger households. p < 10−5 (overall test of mean differences between categories) for the effect of household size (3 and more) on all outcome variables in both genders