From: Global prevalence of self-harm during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author/year | Country | Study time | Study design | Sample source | Assessment tool | Age (years) | Sample size (male/female) | Number (N) | Stratifcation variables | Quality score | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SH | NSSI | ||||||||||
Iob E/2020 | England | Mar 21–Apr 10, 2020 | Cross-sectional | General population | One item that assessed self harm |  ≥ 18 | 44,775 (21,929/22846) | 2174 | NR | Gender; Mental symptoms; Restrictions | 8 |
Du N/2021 | China | Prior to Jan 30, 2021 | Cross-sectional | Psychiatric hospital | Psychiatric interview that assessed NSSI |  ≤ 18 | 609 (77/532) | NR | 266 | Mental symptoms | 6 |
Hawton K/2021 | England | Mar 23–May 05, 2020 | Cross-sectional | General hospital | Psychosocial assessments that evaluated self-harm |  ≥ 18 | 228 (101/127) | 107 | NR | Gender | 5 |
Hermosillo AE/2021 | Mexico | Nov 09–Dec 10, 2020 | Cross-sectional | Schools | Suicidal Behaviors Schedule | 14 ~ 21 | 8033 (3910/4123) | 454 | NR | Gender; Mental symptoms | 4 |
Joyce LR/2021 | New Zealand | Mar 26–Apr 28, 2020 | Cohort | General hospital | Electronic medical record | 0 ~ 60 | 935(396/539) | 71 | NR | Mental symptoms; Restrictions | 5 * |
Kim IH/2021 | Korea | Aug 14–Sep 22, 2020 | Cross-sectional | Schools | Self-Harm Inventory | 22.91 ± 2.16 | 234 (71/163) | NR | 78 | Gender | 5 |
Menculini G/2021 | Italy | Jun 01, 2020–Jan 31, 2021 | Cross-sectional | General hospital | Psychiatric visit that collected NSSI data | 42.44 ± 16.42 | 447 (179/268) | NR | 31 | Mental symptoms | 3 |
Paul E/2021 | England | Apr 1, 2020–May 17, 2021 | Longitudinal | General population | One item that assessed self harm |  ≥ 18 | 49,227 (NR) | 3741 | NR | NR | 7 |
Robillard CL/2021 | Canada | Jun 17–Jul 31, 2020 | Cross-sectional | General population | Ontario Child Healthy Study Scales | 12–18 | 809 (356/453) | 256 | NR | NR | 6 |
Steinhoff A/2021 | Switzerland | Apr–Sep, 2020 | Longitudinal | Schools | One item that assessed self injury |  ≤ 22 | 786 (328/458) | 57 | NR | NR | 7 |
Sugg MM/2021 | US | Mar 13–Jul 20, 2020 | Cross-sectional | Frontline workers and their children | Daily text conversations | 13–65 | 32,580 (NR) | 5150 | NR | NR | 4 |
Sveticic J/2021 | Australia | Mar–Aug, 2020 | Cross-sectional | Emergency departments of hospital | Electronic medical record |  < 18 | 3190 (1504/1683) | 482 | NR | NR | 4 |
Warne N/2021 | England | May 26–Jul 04, 2020 | Cohort | General population | Items adapted from the Child and Adolescent Self-Harm in Europe study | 27–29 | 2657 (766/1891) | 185 | 131 | Restrictions | 6 * |
Wei Z/2021 | China | Apr 10–20, 2020 | Cross-sectional | Schools | NSSI questionnaire | 15 ~ 23 | 1955 (1005/950) | NR | 486 | Gender | 4 |
Bhattaram S/2022 | India | Mar 24–Jun 30, 2020 | Cross-sectional | Emergency departments of hospital | Electronic medical record | 32.39 ± 12.06 | 828 (577/251) | 102 | NR | Gender; Mental symptoms | 5 |
Slemon A/2022 | Canada | May14–19, 2020 Sep 14–21, 2020 | Longitudinal | General population | One item asking the history of self injuring behavior in the past two weeks |  ≥ 18 | 5993 (NR) | 97 | NR | Restrictions | 4 |