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Table 2 Descriptive statistics for measured variables

From: Seeing past the tip of your own nose? How outward and self-centred orientations could contribute to closing the green gap despite helplessness

 

M

SD

α

Skewness

Kurtosis

Original psychometric properties

Individualism/ collectivism

     

(Sivadas et al. [29]; Study 5) χ2 = 129.95, df = 71, p < 0.000),. GFI = 0.82, AGFI = 0.73, RMSR = 0.33, CFI = 0.82, NFI = 0.69, RMSEA = 0.091

Horizontal individualism

3.51

0.79

0.63

− 0.11

− 0.28

α = 0.806

Vertical individualism

2.92

0.88

0.74

− 0.27

− 0.21

α = 0.709

Horizontal collectivism

3.58

0.73

0.72

− 0.36

0.30

α = 0.645

Vertical collectivism

3.39

0.70

0.59

− 0.59

0.62

α = 0.745

Future orientation

     

Joireman et al. [43] The final 2-factor model fit the data well, SBχ2(69) = 97.69, p =0 .013, GFI = 0.943, CFI = .0.965, RMSEA = .0.043 (LL = 0. 020, UL = 0.062)

Future consequences

4.77

1.02

0.85

− 0.19

0.53

α = 0.82

Immediate consequences

3.72

1.08

0.82

0.06

− 0.01

α = 0.84

Prosocial behaviour

     

Carlo and Randall [45]

Prosocial tendencies

3.55

0.66

0.88

− 0.23

0.47

α = 0.54–0.88

Emotional reactions

     

Kohút et al. [47], Šrol et al. [49]

Environmental concern

4.46

1.55

0.93

− 0.34

− 0.32

(measured by one item)

Helplessness

4.15

1.56

0.91

− 0.31

− 0.53

α = 0.69

Outcome variable

      

Pro-environmental behaviour

2.01

0.30

0.70

− 0.10

0.25

(created for this study)

  1. The table contains averages, standard deviations, skewness and kurtosis values, and internal consistency estimates (Cronbach’s α) for all reported variables