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Table 2 Descriptive statistics for study variables

From: Moral, self-interested, and social motivation each predict compliance with social distancing rules: utilitarianism is an indirect positive predictor

Variable

M (SD)

Skewness

Kurtosis

Moral Motivation

55.21 (24.93)

− 0.31

− 0.61

Self-interested Motivation

22.52 (23.87)

1.43

1.66

Social Motivation

25.31 (25.64)

1.29

1.00

Extraversion

1.57 (3.80)

0.18

− 0.48

Agreeableness

15.10 (3.41)

− 0.65

0.08

Conscientiousness

13.75 (4.04)

− 0.17

− 0.68

Negative emotionality

12.44 (4.45)

− 0.18

− 0.68

Open-mindedness

15.64 (3.40)

− 0.51

− 0.28

Impartial beneficence

18.70 (6.06)

− 0.07

− 0.47

Instrumental harm

12.02 (4.80)

0.30

− 0.49

Political orientation

33.57 (28.48)

0.50

− 0.74

Religiosity

31.72 (34.39)

0.66

− 1.04

Efficacy social distancing

76.87 (22.87)

− 1.49

2.24

COVID-19 severity (general)

69.51 (23.83)

− 0.77

0.09

COVID-19 severity (personal)

6.29 (29.31)

− 0.32

− 0.99

Conformity (self)

87.35 (19.80)

− 2.51

7.02

Conformity (others)

53.57 (23.90)

− 0.20

− 0.81

Likelihood of violation

28.56 (24.36)

1.07

0.58

  1. Note: Impartial beneficence = Oxford Utilitarianism Scale, Subscale 1; Instrumental harm = Oxford Utilitarianism Scale, Subscale 2; COVID-19 severity (general) = beliefs about the average severity of COVID-19; COVID-19 Severity (personal) = beliefs about the severity of COVID-19 were a participant to personally contract it; Conformity (self) = the degree of a participant’s own conformity with social distancing measures; Conformity (others) = beliefs about the degree of conformity with social distancing measures of others in a participant’s location