Table 2 The prevalence and odds ratios of mental health issues and associated stressors across local and international students
|  | All students (n = 4407) | Local students (3162) | International students (1245) | Adjusted odds ratio of outcome for international students compared to local student (n = 4407)* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Wave 1 | Wave 2 | Wave 1 | Wave 2 | Wave 1 | Wave 2 | |
Percentage with probable major depression (PHQ2 ≥ 3) (95% CI) | 21.7 (20.4, 23.0) | 36.7 (35.3, 38.1) | 21.7 (20.4, 23.0) | 34.4 (32.8, 36.1) | 22.8 (20.4, 25.4) | 42.6 (40.0, 45.4) | 1.43 (1.23, 1.66) p < 0.001 |
 Missing | 456 | 66 | 311 | 38 | 145 | 28 | 535 |
Percentage with probable anxiety (GAD2 ≥ 3) (95% CI) | 32.3 (30.1, 33.4) | 47.0 (45.6, 48.5) | 34.1 (32.4, 35.9) | 47.0 (45.3, 48.8) | 27.7 (25.1, 30.4) | 46.9 (44.1, 49.7) | 1.09 (0.94, 1.27) p = 0.26 |
 Missing | 527 | 55 | 356 | 28 | 171 | 27 | 591 |
Percentage reporting low social support (MOS-SSS-6 < 18) (95% CI) | 44.9 (43.3, 46.5) | 46.3 (44.9, 47.8) | 37.6 (35.9, 39.4) | 37.9 (36.2, 39.6) | 63.9 (61.0, 66.7) | 68.0 (65.4, 70.7) | 2.64 (2.23, 3.12) p < 0.001 |
 Missing | 469 | 66 | 318 | 38 | 151 | 28 | 612 |
Percentage unable to afford food (95% CI) | 9.4 (8.6, 10.4) | 7.7 (6.9, 8.5) | 10.0 (8.9, 11.2) | 4.3 (3.7, 5.1) | 7.9 (6.4, 9.6) | 16.3 (14.3, 18.5) | 5.21 (3.97, 6.83) p < 0.001 |
 Missing | 408 | 18 | 278 | 12 | 130 | 6 | 447 |
Percentage experiencing discrimination (95% CI) | |||||||
 Based on race | 22.0 (20.8, 23.4) | 22.6 (21.3, 23.8) | 17.6 (16.2, 19.1) | 17.4 (16.1, 18.7) | 33.6 (30.8, 36.5) | 35.9 (33.2, 38.7) | 2.21 (1.82, 2.68) p < 0.0001 |
 Based on ethnicity | 16.6 (15.4, 17.8) | 17.0 (15.9, 18.2) | 15.3 (14.0, 16.7) | 15.2 (13.9, 16.5) | 20.2 (17.9, 22.7) | 21.9 (19.6, 24.3) | 1.58 (1.29, 1.94) p < 0.0001 |
 Based on gender | 28.1 (26.7, 29.6) | 24.9 (23.7, 26.3) | 33.3 (31.6, 35.0) | 29.5 (27.9, 31.1) | 14.7 (12.7, 16.9) | 13.2 (11.4, 15.3) | 0.51 (0.41, 0.54) p < 0.0001 |
 Missing | 537 | 91 | 363 | 54 | 174 | 37 | 625 |
Percentage reporting fear of partner during the pandemic (95% CI) |  | 3.4 (2.7, 4.1) |  | 2.1 (1.6, 2.9) |  | 7.1 (5.4, 9.3) | 3.46 (2.26, 5.13) p < 0.001 |
 No partner/missing |  | 2640 |  | 1185 |  | 582 | 1802 |
Percentage reporting increased fear of partner during the pandemic (95% CI) |  | 82.0 (72.5, 88.8) |  | 78.6 (63.2, 88.7) |  | 85.1 (71.5, 92.9) | 1.76 (0.54, 5.75) p = 0.350 |
 No fear/no partner/missing |  | 4334 |  | 3120 |  | 1245 | 4318 |