Table 1 Summary of study characteristics
From: Do executive functions predict physical activity behavior? A meta-analysis
Study | Design | Sample | EF measurement | PA measurement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Frye and Shapiro [43] | Prospective observational T: 1 week | N: 220 Mage:19.4 Rage: 18–25 | Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale | Self-reported PA with International Physical Activity Questionnaire |
2. Stautz et al. [44] | Prospective observational T: 6 years | N: 6069 Mage: 7 | Stop signal, counting span, opposite world and sky search tasks | Average daily minutes of MVPA recorded using actigraph monitors |
3. Hall et al. [45] | Prospective observational T: 1 week | N: 208 Mage: 45.2 Rage: 18–89 | Stroop and go/no-go tasks | Average daily PA recorded by accelerometer |
4. Hall et al. [23] | Prospective observational T: 1 week | N: 64 Mage: 19 | Go/no-go task | Self-reported number of hours spent in vigorous PA over the past week |
5. Loprinzi et al. [46] | Prospective observational T: 1 week | N: 32 Mage: 21.1 Rage: 18–45 | Tower of London, operation span, stroop, letter-number, and switching tasks | Physical Activity Vital Signs Questionnaire Godin Leisure-Time Questionnaire Accelerometer-derived light PA |
6. Pfeffer and Strobach [26] | Prospective observational T: 1 week | N: 118 Mage: 23.2 Rage: 18–30 | Go/no-go, stop-signal, visual memory, n-back, cueing, and alternating runs tasks | Self-reported number of hours engaged in vigorous PA |
7. Pfeffer and Strobach [47] | Prospective RCT T: 1 week | N: 191 Mage: 22.7 Rage: 18–34 | Go/no-go, stop-signal, visual memory, n-back, cueing, and alternating runs tasks | Self-reported number of hours engaged in vigorous PA |
8. McAuley et al. [21] | Prospective intervention T: 12 months | N: 177 Mage: 66.5 Rage: 58–81 | Dual, stroop, flanker, Wisconsin card-sorting, and switching tasks | Exercise class attendance |