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Table 2 Categories, subcategories and sub subcategories

From: Moral distress in psychiatric nurses in Covid-19 crisis

Categories

Subcategories

Sub subcategories

Emotional responses

Fear

Fear of COVID-19 disease and ineffective care of the patients by the nurse

Fear of COVID-19 disease and inadequate treatment provided by physicians

Doubt

Being doubtful in quitting the nursing profession in the Corona outbreak period

Being doubtful in continuing nursing profession during Corona outbreak period

Relational factors

Nurses’ Relationship with Each Other

Working with careless colleagues

Nurse-physician Relationship

Disregarding nurses' opinions in therapeutic decisions made by physicians

Relationship whit Patients

Inadequate communication with the patient by nurses

Insufficient communication with the patient by physicians

Institutional factors

Lack of Attention to Health Instructions

Inadequate consideration of health protocols by psychiatric patients

Lack of facilities and personal protection equipment (PPE)

Failure to complete the treatment process for patients

Early discharge of patients due to Corona disease

Transferring patients to COVID-19 treatment centers

Institutional Policies

limitation in visiting psychiatric patients

Caring for positive COVID-19 patients in non-standard conditions

Enforcing the staff to work overtime due to lack of human force

Early return of nursing staff from Corona leaves due to lack of human force