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Table 3 Bivariate analysis of categorical variables associated with depression and anxiety

From: The psychological impact of COVID-19 in a socio-politically unstable environment: protective effects of sleep and gratitude in Lebanese adults

 

PHQ-9

GAD-7

M

SD

t

p

Cohen's d

M

SD

t

p

Cohen's d

Gender

          

 Female

11.26

6.56

− 0.43

0.663

0.05

10.63

5.36

− 0.36

0.713

0.04

 Male

10.94

5.74

   

10.39

5.80

   

Age group

          

 18–25

12.40

6.56

5.12

 < 0.001

− 0.54

11.14

5.56

2.64

0.009

− 0.29

  > 25

9.07

5.37

   

9.54

5.24

   

Professional status

          

 Employed

10.10

5.86

2.61

0.009

− 0.28

10.23

5.37

0.946

0.345

− 0.10

 Unemployed

11.89

6.55

   

10.80

5.55

   
 

M

SD

F (2, 347)

p

η2

M

SD

F (2, 346)

p

η2

Job loss

          

 Yes

14.15

6.14

10.44

 < 0.001

0.72

11.73

5.18

3.73

0.025

0.28

 No

9.72

5.95

   

9.75

5.37

   

 Not applicable

12.04

6.41

   

11.20

5.57

   
  1. Values for the M [mean] and SD [standard deviation], for the anxiety Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD-7], and depression Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] with their respective T-statistic, F-statistic, p-value for the various analysis
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BMC Psychology

ISSN: 2050-7283

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