Table 2 The association of demographic factors with risk to experience psychological responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia (N = 754)

Gender

Female

178(51.4)

168(48.6)**

205(59.2)

141(40.8)**

200(57.8)

146(42.2)**

Male

248(60.8)

160(39.2)

286(70.1)

122(29.9)

279(68.4)

129(31.6)

Age in years

18–25

66(45.2)

80(54.8)***

68(46.6)

78(53.4)***

70(47.9)

76(52.1)***

26–35

97(43.7)

125(56.3)

135(60.8)

87(39.2)

130(58.6)

92(41.4)

36–45

175(68.1)

82(31.9)

199(77.4)

58(22.6)

188(73.2)

69(26.8)

46–55

66(64.7)

36(35.3)

70(68.6)

32(31.4)

71(69.6)

31(30.4)

56–65

22(81.5)

5(18.5)

19(70.4)

8(29.6)

20(74.1)

7(25.9)

Education

Middle school

6(60.0)

4(40.0)^ns

4(40.0)

5(60.0)**

6(60.0)

4(40.0)^ns

High school

52(58.4)

37(41.6)

51(57.4)

38(42.6)

54(60.7)

35(39.3)

College/University

221(55.0)

181(45.0)

251(62.4)

151(37.6)

243(60.4)

159(39.6)

Postgraduate

147(58.1)

106(41.9)

185(73.1)

68(26.9)

176(69.6)

77(30.4)

Marital status

Currently not married

108(43.9)

138(56.1)***

125 (50.8)

121 (49.2)***

125 (50.8)

121 (49.2)***

Currently married

318(62.6)

190 (37.4)

366 (72.0)

142 (28.0)

354 (69.7)

154 (30.3)

Nationality

Saudi

320(57.2)

239(42.8)^ns

353(63.2)

206(36.8)^ns

342(61.2)

217(38.8)^ns

Non-Saudi

106(54.4)

89(45.7)

138(70.8)

57(29.2)

137(70.3)

58(29.7)

Lost job

Yes

18(35.1)

33(64.7)**

23(45.1)

28(54.9)**

25(49.0)

25(49.0)**

No

408(58.1)

295(42.1)

468(66.6)

235(33.4)

454(64.6)

249(35.4)

Chronic health issues

Yes

90(46.2)

105(53.8)**

101(51.8)

94(48.2)***

105(53.8)

90(46.2)*

No

336(60.1)

223(39.9)

390(69.8)

169(30.2)

374(66.9)

185(33.1)

Diagnosed with COVID-19

No

318(58.0)

230(42.1)^ns

375(68.4)

173(36.1)**

367(67.0)

181(33.0)**

Yes

32(61.5)

20(38.5)

28(53.8)

24(46.2)

28(53.4)

24(46.2)

Family/friends

76(49.4)

78(50.6)

88(57.5)

66(42.9)

84(54.5)

70(45.5)