Table 1 Conceptual definitions of the six need-supportive and need-thwarting interpersonal context dimensions and sample items
Dimension/scale | Definition | Sample item (My parents…) | Reliability |
|---|---|---|---|
Autonomy support | Interpersonal behaviors characterized by the encouragement of self-initiation, provision of choices, and acknowledgment of other’s perspectives | Give me the freedom to make my own choices | ρ = .83 |
Competence support | Interpersonal behaviors characterized by the display of positive attitudes towards success and belief in one’s capabilities, provision of positive feedback | Encourage me to improve my skills | ρ = .81 |
Relatedness support | Interpersonal behaviors characterized by provision of unconditional positive regard, support, and care for others | Are interested in what I do | ρ = .70 |
Autonomy thwarting | Interpersonal behaviors characterized by the excessive use of control and demands without providing a rationale | Pressure me to do things their way | ρ = .82 |
Competence twharting | Interpersonal behaviors characterized by provision of negative feedback and discouragement from taking on complex tasks | Point out that I will likely fail | ρ = .88 |
Relatedness thwarting | Interpersonal behaviors characterized by emotional rejection and alienation in relationships | Do not comfort me when I am feeling low | ρ = .86 |