Table 3 The number of participants indicating concerns in open questions, as well as their average (SD) LOTP, before and after reading a detailed description of facial NMES and its risk
From: Volunteers’ concerns about facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Categories of concern | Before | After | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | LOTP1 (M) | LOTP1 (SD) | n | LOTP2 (M) | LOTP2 (SD) | |
No or non-NMES related concerns | 49 | 5.55 | 1.50 | 63 | 5.28 | 1.69 |
Skin burns and irritation | 4 | 5.75 | 2.40 | 31 | 4.68 | 1.65 |
Pain and discomfort | 39 | 4.92 | 1.99 | 30 | 5.17 | 1.47 |
Pain and burns/irritation | 4 | 5.50 | 1.11 | 11 | 3.27 | 1.74 |
Involuntary muscle movement and appearing odd | 7 | 5.57 | .95 | 9 | 4.56 | 2.26 |
Immediate or long-term damage to the face/nerve | 40 | 5.45 | 1.30 | 12 | 4.92 | 1.14 |
Lack of information and unfamiliarity with the sensation or technique | 25 | 4.36 | 1.80 | 8 | 4.81 | 1.81 |
Interaction with a pre-existing health condition | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2.83 | 1.61 |
Concerned but no specific reason | 11 | 4.73 | 1.86 | 11 | 4.41 | 1.81 |
Faulty machine or lack of trust in administrator | 3 | 4.67 | 3.33 | 4 | 5.00 | 2.12 |