Table 4 Mean and standard deviation of COPSOQ II subscales by work condition of VSW during the COVID-19 pandemic period

Quantitative demands

2.96 (0.76)

2.88 (0.78)

2.91 (0.84)

0.105

Work pace

2.96 (0.76)

2.88 (0.78)

2.91(0.84)

0.105

Cognitive demands

3.20 (1.15)

3.13 (0.88)

3.33 (0.97)

0.674

Emotional demands

4.36 (0.53)

3.88 (0.72)

4.03 (0.65)

5.179*

Influence at work

4.48 (0.77)

4.15 (0.79)

4.12 (0.79)

2.060

Development possibilities

3.65 (0.60)

3.31 (0.83)

3.01 (0.95)

3.855*

Meaning of work

4.45 (0.50)

4.11 (0.64)

4.33 (0.59)

4.081*

Commitment to the workplace

3.81 (0.71)

3.74 (0.83)

4.05 (0.77)

2.302

Predictability

4.50 (0.61)

4.25 (0.80)

4.36 (0.79)

1.120

Rewards

3.94 (0.81)

4.00 (0.82)

4.13 (0.92)

0.511

Role clarity

3.29 (0.65)

3.15 (0.57)

3.19 (0.59)

0.587

Role conflicts

3.69 (0.59)

3.67 (0.58)

3.65 (0.55)

0.029

Leadership quality

3.63 (0.94)

3.58 (0.89)

3.58 (0.84)

0.030

Social support from supervisor

4.21 (0.68)

4.08 (0.74)

4.16 (0.64)

0.478

Social support from colleagues

3.65 (0.86)

3.80 (0.89)

3.86 (0.79)

0.462

Job insecurity

3.21(0.50)

3.21 (0.47)

3.20 (0.44)

0.011

Job satisfaction

2.08 (0.70)

1.87 (0.65)

1.93 (0.67)

0.981

Work/family conflict

3.87 (0.64)

4.03 (0.71)

4.13 (0.68)

1.146

Vertical trust

3.87 (0.66)

3.89 (0.69)

3.84 (0.70)

0.090

Horizontal trust

4.29 (0.50)

4.23 (0.51)

4.29 (0.58)

0.272

Justice and respect

3.79 (0.82)

3.81 (0.74)

3.82 (0.78)

0.017

Sense of community at work

3.49 (0.69)

3.65 (0.67)

3.75 (0.69)

1.152

Self-efficacy

2.97 (0.54)

3.07 (0.62)

2.78 (0.48)

3.832*

General health

2.74 (1.03)

2.53 (1.05)

2.19 (0.88)

2.774

Stress

3.20 (1.12)

2.42 (1.23)

2.26 (1.07)

5.631***

Burnout

2.58 (1.41)

2.43 (1.04)

2.38 (1.03)

0.267

Sleep problems

3.18 (0.88)

2.96 (1.01)

2.63 (0.96)

2.867

Depressive symptoms

2.92 (0.83)

2.67 (0.91)

2.53 (0.96)

1.423

Offensive behaviours

2.36 (1.04)

2.10 (0.93)

1.89 (0.80)

3.006*