Group | Dependent variable | Mean (SD) | F | P value* | Eta | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-test | Post-test | Follow Up | |||||
Control | Perceived helplessness | 13.71 (2.67) | 12.19 (2.71) | 13.00 (2.10) | 2.74 | 0.077 | 0.120 |
Perceived self-efficacy | 16.29 (3.17) | 15.95 (3.83) | 14.90 (2.93) | 1.32 | 0.278 | 0.062 | |
Total Perceived Stress Score | 30.00 (3.34) | 28.14 (4.11) | 27.90 (3.51) | 2.00 | 0.149 | 0.091 | |
Non acceptance of emotional responses | 13.43 (5.45) | 15.48 (4.59) | 14.05 (3.12) | 1.67 | 0.202 | 0.077 | |
Difficulty engaging in Goal-directed behavior | 15.00 (4.83) | 15.43 (3.64) | 14.90 (4.19) | 0.15 | 0.866 | 0.007 | |
Impulse control difficulties | 16.00 (5.09) | 16.81 (3.80) | 15.81 (3.80) | 0.48 | 0.623 | 0.023 | |
Lack of emotional awareness | 14.43 (4.12) | 15.62 (3.64) | 16.33 (2.42) | 2.85 | 0.070 | 0.125 | |
Limited access to emotion regulation strategies | 20.95 (6.70) | 23.71 (5.50) | 22.43 (4.85) | 1.89 | 0.165 | 0.086 | |
Lack of emotional clarity | 9.19 (3.01) | 10.14 (3.31) | 10.76 (2.38) | 2.00 | 0.149 | 0.091 | |
Total score of emotion regulation difficulties | 89.00 (19.18) | 97.19 (18.14) | 94.29 (14.29) | 1.68 | 0.200 | 0.077 | |
Intervention | Perceived helplessness | 12.68 (2.08) | 9.63 (1.83) | 10.68 (3.80) | 6.44 | 0.004 | 0.264 |
Perceived self-efficacy | 16.84 (2.34) | 13.84 (2.34) | 14.53 (3.73) | 6.48 | 0.004 | 0.265 | |
Total Perceived Stress Score | 29.53 (2.65) | 23.47 (2.54) | 25.21 (6.69) | 10.73 |  < 0.001 | 0.374 | |
Nonacceptance of emotional responses | 13.95 (5.72) | 10.58 (3.11) | 11.26 (3.81) | 4.77 | 0.014 | 0.210 | |
Difficulty engaging in Goal-directed behavior | 14.11 (3.83) | 12.00 (2.75) | 11.74 (3.14) | 5.30 | 0.010 | 0.228 | |
Impulse control difficulties | 15.11 (4.12) | 13.58 (2.89) | 13.89 (3.71) | 1.32 | 0.279 | 0.069 | |
Lack of emotional awareness | 16.63 (4.83) | 15.63 (2.67) | 16.00 (2.52) | 0.58 | 0.565 | 0.031 | |
Limited access to emotion regulation strategies | 22.42 (6.98) | 16.21 (3.69) | 17.16 (5.37) | 11.78 |  < 0.001 | 0.396 | |
Lack of emotional clarity | 10.63 (3.82) | 8.84 (1.57) | 10.21 (2.97) | 3.49 | 0.041 | 0.163 | |
Total score of emotion regulation difficulties | 92.84 (23.28) | 76.84 (11.66) | 80.26 (17.96) | 6.47 | 0.004 | 0.264 |