Table 3 Comparisons of demographics and questionnaire results between participants who were retained and who dropped out
|  | Retained | Dropped out | t or χ2 | d or φ2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | (n = 946) | (n = 549) | (p value) |  |
Age in years | 32.2 ± 7.47 | 29.5 ± 7.20 | t (1493) = 6.92 (.00) | d = .37 |
% Male | 48.9 | 50.1 | χ2 (1) = 0.18 (.67) | φ2 = .00 |
% Married | 72.3 | 53.2 | χ2 (1) = 56.02 (.00) | φ2 = .04 |
% Students | 4.7 | 13.7 | χ2 (1) = 38.49 (.00) | φ2 = .03 |
% Bachelor’s or higher degree | 85.3 | 78.5 | χ2 (1) = 11.29 (.00) | φ2 = .01 |
Perceived stress | 31.2 ± 5.58 | 31.1 ± 5.55 | t (1493) = 0.10 (.92) | d = .01 |
Experiential processes | 65.3 ± 9.56 | 63.6 ± 10.04 | t (1493) = 3.15 (.00) | d = .17 |
Behavioral processes | 65.3 ± 9.51 | 63.2 ± 10.48 | t (1057.15) = 3.77 (.00) | d = .21 |
Pros | 11.6 ± 2.13 | 11.6 ± 2.29 | t (1493) = 0.34 (.74) | d = .02 |
Cons | 8.4 ± 2.56 | 8.3 ± 2.57 | t (1493) = 0.76 (.45) | d = .04 |
Self-efficacy | 13.1 ± 3.91 | 13.1 ± 3.95 | t (1493) = 0.13 (.90) | d = .01 |