Table 3 Mean changes over time from pre-course to post-course, and pre-course to follow-up

Confidence in helping vignette

1.24

1.10 to 1.39

 < .001

1.47

1.21 to 1.73

1.12

0.95 to 1.29

 < .001

1.27

0.99 to 1.56

Social distance

−0.33

−0.42 to −0.24

 < .001

−0.43

−0.64 to −0.21

−0.25

−0.37 to −0.14

 < .001

−0.40

−0.66 to −0.13

Knowledge about gambling problems

17.67

15.03 to 20.31

 < .001

1.14

0.91 to 1.38

13.14

9.83 to 16.46

 < .001

0.83

0.56 to 1.11

Intended help—recommended actions, number concordant

1.14

0.81 to 1.47

 < .001

0.68

0.45 to .90

0.42

0.81 to 1.47

.041

0.20

−0.07 to 0.46

Intended help – non-recommended actions, number concordant

0.97

0.73 to 1.21

 < .001

0.64

0.41 to 0.87

0.70

0.41 to 1.00

.033^a

0.45

0.19 to 0.72

Help provided—recommended actions, number concordant

0.58

−0.07 to 1.23

.079

0.30

−0.02 to 0.62

Help provided—non-recommended actions, number concordant^b

0.28

0.14 to 0.47

.001

0.63

0.31 to 0.96

Confidence in helping person with problem gambling

0.97

0.71 to 1.24

 < .001

0.96

0.62 to 1.29