The relationship between dental anxiety and other kinds of anxiety: a naturalistic, cross-sectional and comparative study

Table 2 Psychosomatic profile of assessed sample

	Whole sample						Comparison between check-examination group (0) and dental treatment group (1) (t-tests)
	N	M	(SD)	Vc	Median	Range	t	p	Cohen’s d
Personality (BFI-10)
Extraversion	152	3.41	(0.97)	28%	3.50	1–5	1.06	n.s	0.19
Agreeableness	152	3.37	(0.73)	22%	3.50	1.5–5	0.76	n.s	0.14
Conscientiousness	152	4.07	(0.68)	17%	4.00	2–5	1.29	n.s	0.24
Neuroticism	150	2.96	(1.08)	36%	3.00	1–5	0.14	n.s	0.03
Openness	151	3.70	(0.90)	24%	4.00	1–5	0.75	n.s	0.14
Resources
Self-efficacy (GSW-6)	155	18.4	(2.7)	15%	18	9–24	1.52	n.s	0.20
Loneliness (LS-S)	155	5.9	(2.0)	34%	6	3–14	1.57	n.s	0.28
Anxiety profile
Anxiety traits in personality (Sub A)	155	2.5	(1.0)	40%	2.4	1–5.6	1.09	n.s	0.20
Fear of negative evaluation by others (SANB-5)	156	9.1	(3.0)	33%	9	5–20	0.94	n.s	0.17
Current anxiety (STAI state)	151	35.3	(10.9)	31%	34	5–69	0.48	n.s	0.09
Dental anxiety and fear (IDAF-4c +)	154	1.7	(0.8)	47%	1.4	1–5	2.61	0.010	0.47
Emotionality	154	1.9	(1.1)	58%	1.5	1–5	2.81	0.006	0.51
Behaviour	154	1.8	(1.0)	55%	1.5	1–5	1.73	n.s	0.31
Physiology	154	1.7	(1.1)	65%	1.0	1–5	2.63	0.020	0.43
Cognition	154	1.4	(0.7)	50%	1.0	1–5	1.84	n.s	0.33

N = sample size with index variable information; M = mean; SD = standard deviation; Range = lowest and highest value; Vc = variation coefficient: (SD/M) × 100; t = t-value on a t-distribution; p = level of significance of differences; Cohen’s d = effect size of differences for metric variables; BFI-10 = Big-Five Inventory, 10 items; GSW-6 = Generalisierte Selbstwirksamkeit (generalized self-efficacy); LS-S = Loneliness Scale-short version; Sub A = Skala Subklinische Angst (subclinical anxiety scale); SANB-5 = Skala Angst vor negative Bewertung (short version of Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale); STAI = State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory, state subscale; IDAC-4c+ = Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear-four dimensions

ISSN: 2050-7283