Skip to main content

Table 3 Characteristics of the Included Instruments

From: Measuring mental wellness among adolescents living with a physical chronic condition: a systematic review of the mental health and mental well-being instruments

Instrument

Aim of the Instrument

Subscales in the instrument

# Subscales

Mental health subscales

Mental wellbeing subscales

Physical wellbeing

Studies

Beck Hopelessness scale

Hopelessness

Feelings about the future

Loss of motivation

Expectations

3

✓

(n = 3)

  

[31]

Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Teen

QoL in adolescents living with Cerebral Palsy

Global QoL, social wellbeing, emotional wellbeing, school wellbeing, physical wellbeing, participation, communication, pain

8

 

✓

(n = 5)

✓

(n = 3)

[34, 46]

Child Youth Resilience

Measurement (CYRM-28)

Measures resilience

Individual, relational, community, cultural

4

 

✓

(n = 4)

 

[41]

Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire (CFQ)

Measures HRQoL in patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Physical, role limitations/ school performance, energy/wellbeing, emotional state, social limitations

5

 

✓

(n = 2)

✓

(n = 3)

[51]

EQ-5D-Y

Measure HRQoL

Mobility, looking after myself, doing usual activities, having pain or discomfort and feeling worried, sad or unhappy

5

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 3)

[43]

FACIT-Sp-12 Spiritual Well-Being Scale

Measure Spiritual Wellbeing

Spiritual Well-Being, Meaning, Peace, Faith

4

 

✓

(n = 4)

 

[35]

Healthcare Needs Scale for Youth with Congenital Heart Disease (HNS-CHD)

Measure of Healthcare Needs

Health, family, individual, interpersonal and policy needs

5

 

✓

(n = 2)

✓

(n = 1)

[32]

Hunter Opinions and Personal Expectations

Scale (HOPES)

Measure of hope and despair for adolescents and adults

Hope, despair, global personal happiness

3

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 2)

 

[51]

KIDSCREEN-10

Measure HRQoL in children and adolescents

Unidimensional construct of HRQOL

1

 

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 1)

[34]

KIDSCREEN-27

Measure HRQoL in children and adolescents

Physical Well-Being, Psychological Well-Being, Autonomy & Parents, Peers & Social Support and School Environment

5

 

✓

(n = 4)

✓

(n = 1)

[43, 46]

KIDSCREEN-52

Measure HRQoL in children and adolescents

Physical, Psychological Wellbeing, Moods and Emotions, Self-Perception, Autonomy, Parent Relations and Home Life, Social Support and Peers, School Environment (6 items), Social Acceptance (Bullying), Financial Resources

10

 

✓

(n = 8)

✓

(n = 1)

[47, 48]

Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Peds-QL)

Measure HRQoL

Physical Functioning (8 items)

Emotional Functioning (5 items)

Social Functioning (5 items)

School Functioning (5 items)

4

 

✓

(n = 3)

✓

(n = 1)

[34, 36, 50]

Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth (QoLISSY

Measures QoL

Physical, Social, Emotional, Coping, Treatment, Beliefs

6

 

✓

(n = 4)

✓

(n = 2)

[48]

Tennessee Self-Concept Scale

Measures self-concept

Physical, moral, personal, family, social, academic

6

 

✓

(n = 5)

✓

(n = 1)

[31]

Vécu et Santé Perçue des Adolescents (VSP-A)

Measure HRQoL

Vitality, Psychological Well-being, Relationships with Friends, Leisure Activities, Relationships with Parents, Physical Well-being, Relationships with Teachers, School Performance, Body Image and Relationships with Medical Staff

10

 

✓

(n = 8)

✓

(n = 2)

[49]

WHO-5 wellbeing index

Measures current mental wellbeing

Mental /Emotional wellbeing (unidimensional)

1

 

✓

(n = 1)

 

[36, 37]

WHO Quality of Life-BREF

Measures QoL

Physical health, psychological health, social relationship and environment

4

 

✓

(n = 3)

✓

(n = 1)

[32]

Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression

Symptoms of depression

Depressive affect

Somatic complaints

Positive affect

Interpersonal activity

4

✓

(n = 4)

 

✓

(n = 1)

[37]

Child Depression Inventory (CDI)

Symptoms of depression

Anhedonia, negative mood/physical symptoms, negative self-esteem, interpersonal problems,

Ineffectiveness

5

✓

(n = 5)

  

[31]

Child Depression Inventory—Short

Form

Symptoms of depression

Negative mood/physical symptoms, negative self-esteem, interpersonal problems, ineffectiveness

4

✓

(n = 4)

  

[30]

Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory Diabetes Module (PedsQL-DMTM)

Measure HRQoL in adolescents with Diabetes

general concerns about diabetes, treatment, worry, and communication

4

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 2)

[42]

Revised Children’s Manifest

Anxiety Scale

Measures symptoms of anxiety in children and adolescents

Psychological anxiety, worry/oversensitivity, social concerns/concentration

3

✓

(n = 3)

  

[30]

Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)

Emotional and Behavioural Screening Questionnaire

Emotional symptoms subscale Conduct problems subscale

Hyperactivity/inattention subscale

Peer relationships problem subscale Prosocial behaviour subscale

5

✓

(n = 5)

  

[38, 39, 43, 44, 46]

The questionnaire on health needs for adolescents

Measure of Healthcare Needs

physical health, reproductive health, mental health, interpersonal concerns and behavioural concerns

5

✓

(n = 3)

 

✓

(n = 2)

[32]

Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ)

Measure HRQoL

General health perceptions, physical functioning, role/social physical functioning, bodily pain, role/social emotional functioning, role/social behavioural functioning, parent impact-time, parent impact-emotion, self-esteem, mental health, behaviour, family activities, family cohesion, change in health

14

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 7)

✓

(n = 3)

[37]

Diabetes Stress Questionnaire

Measures Diabetes stressors

Distress-Worry, Peer Stress, Adverse-Personal Effects, Parental Stress, Hyperglycemia, Self-Care, Diet, and Hypoglycemia

8

✓

(n = 5)

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 3)

[42]

Monitoring Individual Needs in Diabetes Youth Questionnaire (MY-Q)

Measure HRQoL in adolescents with Diabetes

General QoL, the teenagers’ social life (friends, family, and school), diabetes management (worries, treatment barriers, self-efficacy and satisfaction, and problematic eating), and emotional well-being

4

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 4)

✓

(n = 1)

[36]

Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) peadiatric profile -25

Measure that evaluates and monitors physical, mental, and social health in adolescents and children (HRQoL)

anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, pain interference, physical function-mobility, and peer relationships as well as a single pain intensity item

7

✓

(n = 2)

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 4)

[33, 45, 50]

Quality of Life Profile for Chronic Diseases (PLC)

Measures HRQoL in chronic patients

Capacity, positive mood, negative mood, ability to relax and enjoy, sense of belonging to others, contact ability

6

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 4)

✓

(n = 2)

[40]

Questions on Life Satisfaction (FLZ)

Measures subjective QoL

Friends/acquaintances, leisure, general health, income, occupation, housing, family life, partner relationship/sexuality, physical, ability to relax, energy, mobility, vision & hearing, freedom from anxiety, freedom from pain, independence from help

16

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 7)

✓

(n = 5)

[40]

Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36)

Measure HRQoL

Limitations in physical activities because of health problems

Limitations in social activities because of physical or emotional problems

Limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems

Bodily pain

General mental health (psychological distress and well-being)

Limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems

Vitality (energy and fatigue)

General health perceptions

8

✓

(n = 3)

✓

(n = 1)

✓

(n = 5)

[40]