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Table 3 Linear regression models of cognitive performance (N = 1763)

From: Celebrity worship and cognitive skills revisited: applying Cattell’s two-factor theory of intelligence in a cross-sectional study

Independent variables

Dependent variables β (SE)

Cognitive tests

VOCAB

SDST

Gender

0.02 (0.04)

0.07 (0.12)**

 − 0.04 (0.42)

Age

 − 0.15 (0.002)***

0.02 (0.005)

 − 0.25 (0.02)***

Educational level

0.19 (0.04)***

0.12 (0.12)***

0.17 (0.46)***

Self-esteem

0.005 (0.003)

 − 0.01 (0.01)

0.02 (0.04)

Current family income

0.07 (0.02)*

0.07 (0.06)*

0.03 (0.23)

Material wealth (current)

 − 0.01 (0.02)

 − 0.01 (0.06)

 − 0.009 (0.24)

Material wealth (child)

0.03 (0.02)

0.05 (0.05)

 − 0.01 (0.17)

Celebrity worship

 − 0.10 (0.01)***

 − 0.07 (0.004)**

 − 0.07 (0.01)**

R2

6.6%

3.5%

7.9%

  1. ***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05
  2. β (SE) = standardized coefficient and its standard error
  3. VOCAB vocabulary test, SDST short digit symbol test
  4. Cognitive tests represent the composite score derived from the z-scores of the VOCAB and the SDST
  5. Gender was coded as 1 = “male” and 2 = “female”
  6. Educational level was coded as 0 = “less than college degree” and 1 = “college degree or higher”
  7. For the linearized variable of current family income, z-scores were used