Table 1 Evolution of the concept of skill

McClelland [16]

Element capable of predicting the performance of individuals, regardless of race, gender or socioeconomic factors

Spencer and Spencer [43]

Deep and structured part of the personality that can predict behavior in a wide variety of situations or professional activities

Prahalad and Hamel [101]

Ability to combine, mix and integrate resources in products and services

Fleury and Fleury [102]

Knowledge and ability to act that must be aligned with organizational strategy and resources

Bücker and Poutsma [103]

Abilities, knowledge, attitudes and behaviors that allow you to perform specific tasks effectively

Bartram [10]

Set of fundamental behaviors to achieve organizational goals

Taylor and Bond [18]

Combination of knowledge, aptitudes, abilities and personal characteristics necessary for effective performance

Rutledge et al. [104]

Specific behaviors evidenced with a certain constancy and regularity in the exercise of different professional activities

Ng and Kee [105, p. 255]

Set of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors that make it possible to recognize and take advantage of opportunities and create ways to achieve them

LeCompte et al. [106]

Aggregation of knowledge, aptitudes and values that encompass communication, problem solving, critical and creative reflection and decision making