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Table 4 Outcome of RCT index group in comparison to the other study groups

From: Behavioral Activation as an ‘active ingredient’ of interventions addressing depression and anxiety among young people: a systematic review and evidence synthesis

Type of comparator group

No. of comparator groups

Study Sample

Superior/ equivalence – non-superior (n)

Characteristic of intervention with superior/ equivalence outcome (n)

Characteristic of intervention with non-superior outcome (n)

BA as standalone intervention (n = 3)

Waitlist/ no treatment/ attention control

Clinical monitoring

1

118

1–0

Indicated (1); Treatment (0)

Indicated (NA); Treatment (NA)

    

Individual (1); Group (1)

Individual (NA); Group (NA)

    

Duration: 35 days

Duration: NA

Active treatment

3

530

0–3

Indicated (NA); Treatment (NA)

Indicated (0); Treatment (3)

    

Individual (NA); Group (NA)

Individual (3); Group (0)

     

Parent involved (3)

    

Duration: NA

Duration: 84–140 days

Any comparator

4

648

1-3

Indicated (1); Treatment (0)

Indicated (0); Treatment (3)

    

Individual (1); Group (1)

Individual (2); Group (0)

     

Parent involved (3)

    

Duration: 35 days

Duration: 84–140 days

BA in multicomponent intervention (n = 22)

No treatment/ clinical monitoring

Waitlist

9

897

9-0

Indicated (7); Treatment (2)

Indicated (NA); Treatment (NA)

    

Individual (1); Group (8)

Individual (NA); Group (NA)

    

Parent involved (2); Digital (1)

Duration: NA

    

Median Duration = 49 days (Range: 28–84)

 

Attention control*

8

1205

4-4

Indicated (1); Treatment (3)

Indicated (0); Treatment (4)

    

Individual (3); Group (1)

Individual (4); Group (0)

    

Digital (3)

Digital (3)

    

Median Duration = 56 days (Range: 28–70)

Median Duration = 56 days (Range: 28–84)

Active treatment*

18

1346

8-10

Indicated (5); Treatment (3)

Indicated (3); Treatment (7)

    

Individual (3); Group (6)

Individual (5); Group (5)

    

Parent involved (2)

Parent involved (1)

    

Median Duration = 56 days (Range: 28–112)

Median Duration = 49 days (Range: 28–84)

Any comparator

35

2501

21–14

Indicated (13); Treatment (8)

Indicated (3); Treatment (11)

    

Individual (7); Group (15)

Individual (9); Group (5)

    

Parent involved (4); Digital (4)

Parent involved (1); Digital (3)

    

Median Duration = 49 days (Range: 28–84)

Median Duration = 56 days (Range: 28–84)

  1. * For one trial, the intervention duration data was not available and another one explicitly stated that sessions were intentionally varied and, therefore, these two trials were not included in the calculation of median duration
  2. NA Not applicable