Predictors of academic performance during the covid-19 outbreak: impact of distance education on mental health, social cognition and memory abilities in an Italian university student sample

Table 5 Logistic regression analysis to predict poor academic performance based on the students’ self-assessments of their overall study performance during DE, divided into two categories: high (students reporting no problems, only occasional difficulties, or some difficulties) and low (many difficulties or major difficulties)

	Step 1					Step 2					Step 3
	B	p	Exp (B)	CI 95% L	CI 95% U	B	p	Exp (B)	CI 95% L	CI 95% U	B	p	Exp (B)	CI 95% L	CI 95% U
Gender	0.428	0.285	1.535	0.700	3.365	0.488	0.236	1.630	0.727	3.655	1.145	0.045	3.141	1.026	9.615
Men = 0/Women = 1
Age ≤ 25 years = 1	− 0.272	0.498	0.761	0.346	1.675	− 0.397	0.335	0.673	0.300	1.507	− 0.188	0.746	0.829	0.266	2.582
No = 0/Yes = 1
Working student	− 0.350	0.498	0.705	0.256	1.939	− 0.347	0.509	0.707	0.253	1.977	− 0.249	0.724	0.779	0.196	3.102
No = 0/Yes = 1
Lack of sharing learning experience with other students						− 0.081	0.843	0.922	0.414	2.056	0.313	0.572	1.367	0.462	4.050
No = 0/Yes = 1
Changes in the study context and habits following the pandemic						1.366	0.032	3.918	1.124	13.659	0.053	0.946	1.055	0.228	4.884
No = 0/Yes = 1
Learning concentration impairment during distance education											2.122	0.014	8.350	1.548	45.038
No = 0/Yes = 1
Eyes task inaccurate score											0.408	0.720	1.504	0.162	13.996
Cut-off ≤ 3 = 1
Memory task total score											− 0.364	0.089	0.695	0.456	1.058
COVID-19 contagion anxiety											1.213	0.022	3.363	1.190	9.506
No = 0/Yes = 1
10-item Beck Depression Inventory-II total score											0.089	0.047	1.093	1.001	1.193
Overall distance education evaluation score											− 0.495	0.000	0.610	0.467	0.796

ISSN: 2050-7283