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Table 2 Participant military-related demographic characteristics

From: The impact of moral injury on the wellbeing of UK military veterans

 

Moral injury

Trauma

Mixed

No event

P

N

66

57

31

50

 

Branch, n(%)

    

0.98

 Royal Navy/ Royal Marines

10 (15.15)

7 (12.5)

6 (19.4)

7 (14.0)

 

 Army

46 (69.7)

42 (75.0)

21 (67.7)

35 (70.0)

 

 Royal Air Force

10 (15.2)

7 (12.5)

4 (12.9)

8 (16.0)

 

Rank, n(%)a

    

0.62

 Officer

18 (29.0)

8 (14.6)

8 (27.6)

14 (28.6)

 

 Non-commissioned officer

20 (32.3)

21 (38.2)

9 (31.0)

17 (34.7)

 

 Junior rank

24 (38.7)

26 (47.3)

12 (41.4)

18 (36.7)

 

Length of service (years), M (SD)

17.6 (9.6)

17.2 (9.1)

16.0 (8.5)

18.5 (10.5)

0.50

Deployed, n(%)

57 (86.4)

51 (89.5)

29 (96.7)

41 (83.7)

0.35

Number of deployments, M (SD)

5.0 (3.8)

7.9 (14.0)

5.1 (4.5)

4.5 (3.6)

0.29

Moderate-heavy combat exposure

32 (48.5)

31 (54.4)

16 (51.6)

18 (36.0)

0.27

Deployment theatre, n(%)b

     

 Iraq

29 (43.9)

28 (49.1)

18 (58.1)

21 (42.9)

0.53

 Afghanistan

31 (47.0)

20 (35.1)

13 (41.9)

19 (38.0)

0.58

 Bosnia/Kosovo

27 (40.9)

20 (35.1)

12 (38.7)

10 (20.0)

0.10

 Other location

51 (79.7)

44 (78.6)

20 (64.5)

30 (62.5)

0.11

Deployment type, n(%)b

     

 Disaster assistance

13 (20.3)

7 (12.5)

4 (12.9)

4 (9.1)

0.42

 Peacekeeping

29 (45.3)

21 (37.5)

13 (41.9)

19 (43.2)

0.86

 Peace enforcement

26 (40.6)

24 (42.9)

12 (38.7)

16 (36.4)

0.93

 Warfighting

41 (64.1)

38 (67.9)

19 (61.3)

24 (54.6)

0.58

 Other duty

9 (14.1)

8 (14.3)

7 (22.6)

8 (18.2)

0.69

  1. No event = veteran did not report experiencing a challenging event during military service. Deployed = reported having been on a deployment. a = data missing for 10 veterans. b = individuals could report deployment to multiple deployment types and theatres. Moderate – heavy combat exposure = Combat Exposure Scale (CES) score between 17 and 41. P = refers to whether differences between veterans exposed to an event type exist (p < 0.05), examined via chi2 or fisher’s exact tests