Preliminary development of a bystander intervention scale for depression and the examination of socio-demographic correlates amongst Singapore university students

Table 3 Association between socio-demographic characteristic and awareness on the seriousness of depression

Socio-demographic	Factor 1: Awareness of depression among peers				Factor 2: Vigilance towards possible symptoms of depression				Factor 3: Knowledge on how to intervene				Factor 4: Acceptance of responsibility to intervene
	B	p value	95% CI		B	p value	95% CI		B	p value	95% CI		B	p value	95% CI
	B	p value	Lower	Upper	B	p value	Lower	Upper	B	p value	Lower	Upper	B	p value	Lower	Upper
Age	− 0.015	0.312	− 0.045	0.015	0.047	0.008*	0.012	0.082	0.046	0.018*	0.008	0.084	− 0.025	0.059	− 0.051	0.001
Sex
Male	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Female	− 0.047	0.519	− 0.192	0.097	0.152	0.075	− 0.015	0.319	− 0.150	0.108	− 0.333	0.033	− 0.100	0.113	− 0.224	0.024
Ethnicity
Chinese	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Non-Chinese	0.142	0.102	− 0.028	0.313	− 0.089	0.376	− 0.287	0.109	0.098	0.372	− 0.118	0.315	0.183	0.014*	0.036	0.329
Type of school course
STEM courses	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Non-STEM courses	0.125	0.073	− 0.012	0.261	− 0.115	0.152	− 0.273	0.043	− 0.021	0.811	− 0.194	0.152	0.074	0.214	− 0.043	0.191
Family members or Friends with Mental illness
No	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Yes	0.345	< 0.001*	0.213	0.477	0.238	0.002*	0.085	0.391	− 0.038	0.654	− 0.206	0.129	0.180	0.002*	0.066	0.293
Past experience in the mental health field
No	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Yes	0.206	0.010*	0.050	0.362	0.310	0.001*	0.130	0.490	0.380	< 0.001*	0.184	0.577	0.266	< 0.001*	0.133	0.399

ISSN: 2050-7283