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Table 1 Demographic variables and baseline scores of psychological tests

From: Maternal overprotection predicts consistent improvement of self-compassion during mindfulness-based intervention and existential approach: a secondary analysis of the EXMIND study

 

A group

(n = 15)

B group

(n = 23)

C group

(n = 20)

Statistic

p value

Post-hoc comparison

Age

45.2 (14.7)

46.4 (12.8)

53.9 (10.8)

F = 2.61

0.08

 

Sex

   

χ2 = 1.12

0.57

 

 Male

4 (27%)

3 (13%)

4 (20%)

   

 Female

11 (73%)

20 (87%)

16 (80%)

   

TEMPS-A

      

 Depressive

7.1 (3.7)

8.6 (3.5)

8.8 (3.9)

F = 0.92

0.41

 

 Cyclothymic

3.4 (2.8)

6.1 (4.7)

5.5 (5.2)

F = 1.55

0.22

 

 Hyperthymic

6.9 (4.0)

5.5 (3.6)

6.3 (4.0)

F = 0.58

0.56

 

 Irritable

2.2 (2.3)

3.4 (3.7)

3.3 (3.0)

F = 0.62

0.54

 

 Anxious

6.7 (6.0)

7.1 (6.0)

6.6 (4.8)

F = 0.06

0.94

 

TCI

      

 Novelty Seeking

19.9 (3.8)

21.4 (5.6)

21.9 (4.2)

F = 0.85

0.43

 

 Harm Avoidance

18.3 (8.0)

18.3 (8.2)

18.3 (5.7)

F = 0.00

1.00

 

 Reward Dependence

14.5 (3.5)

15.1 (3.3)

15.2 (4.8)

F = 0.16

0.85

 

 Persistence

4.6 (2.5)

4.5 (1.7)

4.5 (2.0)

F = 0.02

0.98

 

 Self-Directedness

25.3 (11.6)

28.9 (7.6)

27.6 (8.7)

F = 0.72

0.49

 

 Cooperativeness

27.0 (7.7)

29.4 (3.8)

26.2 (7.4)

F = 1.48

0.24

 

 Self-Transcendence

13.5 (4.9)

12.9 (6.2)

15.0 (6.0)

F = 0.68

0.51

 

MMSE

29.3 (0.8)

29.6 (0.6)

29.3 (0.7)

F = 0.89

0.42

 

IQ (JART)

114.5 (5.6)

107.4 (7.0)

109.7 (6.9)

F = 5.32

0.01

A > Ba

YMRS

0.4 (0.7)

0.2 (0.6)

0.3 (0.8)

F = 0.33

0.72

 

HRSD

1.3 (2.3)

2.3 (2.4)

2.6 (2.9)

F = 1.13

0.33

 

PBI

      

 Paternal Care

20.6 (8.7)

22.6 (7.8)

21.3 (7.4)

F = 0.28

0.76

 

 Paternal overprotection

10.4 (6.9)

10.6 (5.8)

12.3 (6.6)

F = 0.49

0.61

 

 Maternal Care

26.5 (6.6)

24.3 (5.7)

23.9 (7.5)

F = 0.71

0.50

 

 Maternal overprotection

10.6 (6.8)

11.3 (7.4)

17.0 (7.9)

F = 4.32

0.02

A,B < Cb

T-score (PIL)

47.5 (10.5)

48.1 (8.7)

50.3 (11.4)

F = 0.38

0.69

 
  1. Data are mean (SD) or number (%) unless otherwise indicated
  2. A group: Participants who responded positively to MBI, but negatively to the existential approach. B group: Participants who responded negatively to MBI, but positively to the existential approach. C group: Participants who responded positively to both MBI and existential approach
  3. aA vs. B: p = 0.01, A vs. C: p = 0.09, B vs. C: p = 0.51
  4. bA vs. B: p = 0.96, A vs. C: p = 0.04, B vs. C: p = 0.04
  5. Abbreviations: TEMPS-A, Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego Auto-questionnaire; TCI, Temperament and Character Inventory; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; IQ, Intelligence Quotient; JART, Japanese Adult Reading Test; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale; HRSD, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; PBI, Parental Bonding Instrument; PIL, Purpose in Life Test
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BMC Psychology

ISSN: 2050-7283

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