Table 4 Association between independent variables and binary mental health outcomes – univariate analyses (N = 437)^a

Demographics

Age

N = 436

N = 435

N = 436

N = 429

0.90 (0.84–0.97)

0.95 (0.92–0.98)

0.96 (0.92–0.99)

0.93 2(0.82–0.98)

Age

N = 436

N = 435

N = 436

N = 429

 18–23

6.26 (1.89–20.81)

2.69 (1.38–5.25)

1.90 (0.88–4.10)

3.35 (1.37–8.16)

 24–29

3.33 (0.88–12.70)

1.69 (0.77–3.71)

1.04 (0.40–2.75)

2.55 (0.94–6.94)

 30+

REF

REF

REF

REF

Gender

N = 433

N = 432

N = 433

N = 426

 Male

REF

REF

REF

REF

 Female

1.84 (0.96–3.54)

2.02 (1.22–3.34)

2.23 (1.17–4.23)

2.01 (1.10–3.65)

Sexual Orientation

N = 437

N = 436

N = 437

N = 430

 Heterosexual

REF

REF

REF

REF

 LGBTQI+

3.54 (1.78–7.02)

2.28 (1.25–4.15)

2.70 (1.36–5.35)

2.11 (1.06–4.21)

Relationship Status

N = 432

N = 431

N = 432

N = 426

 Single & not dating

REF

REF

REF

REF

 Dating

0.98 (0.43–2.19)

0.65 (0.30–1.42)

1.08 (0.48–2.45)

0.85 (0.38–1.89)

 In an Exclusive relationship

0.34 (0.17–0.67)

0.85 (0.51–1.41)

0.57 (0.30–1.07)

0.49 (0.27–0.89)

Employment

N = 436

N = 435

N = 436

N = 429

 Not employed

2.36 (1.07–5.21)

1.11 (0.60–2.03)

1.47 (0.69–3.16)

1.26 (0.62–2.54)

 0–30 h per week

1.79 (0.85–3.76)

1.07 (0.63–1.81)

1.52 (0.78–2.98)

1.12 (0.60–2.10)

  > 30 h per week

REF

REF

REF

REF

SBDA User Status

User Status

N = 437

N = 436

N = 437

N = 430

 Non-User

REF

REF

REF

REF

 User

3.13 (1.71–5.73)

1.32 (0.81–2.16)

2.31 (1.29–4.13)

1.29 (0.72–2.28)

SBDA Use

Frequency of Use

N = 437

N = 436

N = 437

N = 430

 Never

REF

REF

REF

REF

 Less than once a week

2.61 (1.04–6.55)

2.30 (1.23–4.68)

1.69 (0.65–4.35)

0.77 (0.26–2.27)

 Once a week or more

2.94 (1.35–6.44)

0.87 (0.42–1.83)

1.79 (0.80–4.12)

1.60 (0.76–3.35)

 Daily

3.79 (1.54–9.30)

1.06 (0.44–2.56)

3.98 (1.73–9.14)

1.74 (0.71–4.25)

Duration of Use

N = 436

N = 435

N = 436

N = 429

 Never

REF

REF

REF

REF

  ≤ 12 months

2.60 (1.20–5.66)

1.20 (0.62–2.31)

1.59 (0.71–3.55)

1.26 (0.59–2.69)

 More than a year

3.55 (1.74–7.25)

1.39 (0.75–2.59)

3.00 (1.52–5.91)

1.49 (0.73–3.03)

Number of people met face-to-face

N = 232

N = 231

N = 232

N = 229

 0

REF

REF

REF

REF

 1–2

2.23 (0.66–7.56)

1.74 (0.73–4.15)

2.77 (0.84–9.18)

3.36 (1.04–10.93)

 3–5

2.13 (0.60–7.56)

1.47 (0.59–3.69)

2.45 (0.71–8.51)

2.23 (0.63–7.91)

  > 5

3.06 (0.92–10.16)

1.66 (0.68–4.04)

3.39 (1.03–11.14)

3.81 (1.17–12.44)

Number of serious relationships

N = 232

N = 231

N = 232

N = 229

 None

REF

REF

REF

REF

 One or more

1.12 (0.54–2.36)

1.06 (0.58–1.94)

1.34 (0.67–2.71)

1.33 (0.67–2.65)

Self-reported impact on self esteem

N = 232

N = 231

N = 232

N = 229

 Positive

1.26 (0.49–3.24)

1.22 (0.60–2.47)

1.31 (0.54–3.19)

0.85 (0.36–1.96)

 No impact

REF

REF

REF

REF

 Negative

1.90 (0.73–4.92)

1.10 (0.51–2.40)

1.82 (0.73–4.54)

1.33 (0.56–3.13)