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Table 3 Associations between how the injury happened and type of most serious physical injury in the past 12 months and PTSD and depressive symptoms

From: Associations of serious physical injuries with posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional survey among university students in 26 countries

Variable (# missing cases)

Response

Sample

PTSD symptoms

Nagelkerke R square

Depressive symptoms

Nagelkerke R square

N (%)

AOR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

How did the most serious injury happen to you?

      

I hurt myself by accident (#165)

No

16,469 (90.4)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

1748 (9.6)

1.29 (1.13, 1.47)***

 

1.23 (1.03, 1.46)*

 

Someone or something else hurt me by accident (#165)

No

17,284 (94.9)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

933 (5.1)

1.31 (1.05, 1.64)*

 

1.31 (1.00, 1.71)*

 

I hurt myself on purpose (#165)

No

18,067 (99.2)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

150 (0.8)

1.99 (1.32, 2.99)**

 

2.72 (1.89, 3.91)***

 

Someone else hurt me on purpose (#165)

No

17,906 (98.3)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

311 (1.7)

2.06 (1.42, 2.99)***

 

1.68 (1.36, 2.08)***

 

What was the most serious injury that happened to you?

      

I had a broken bone or a dislocated joint (#0)

No

17,617 (95.8)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

765 (4.2)

1.27 (0.94, 1.71)

 

1.47 (1.19, 1.81)***

 

I had a cut, puncture, or stab wound (#0)

No

17,696 (93.3)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

686 (3.7)

1.64 (1.27, 2.13)***

 

1.40 (1.08, 1.82)*

 

I had a concussion or other head or neck injury, was knocked out, or could not breathe (#0)

No

18,192 (99.0)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

190 (1.0)

1.61 (0.95, 2.74)

 

2.28 (1.55, 3.35)***

 

I had a gunshot wound (#0)

No

18,345 (99.8)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

37 (0.2)

2.28 (1.05, 4.97)*

 

3.31 (1.29, 8.49)*

 

I had a bad burn (#0)

No

18,225 (99.1)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

157 (0.9)

1.30 (0.92, 1.83)

 

1.16 (0.73, 1.83)

 

I lost all or part of a foot, leg, hand, or arm (#0)

No

18,284 (99.5)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

98 (0.5)

1.12 (0.85, 1.47)

 

0.34 (0.09, 1.28)

 

Something else happened to me (#0)

No

17,107 (93.1)

1 (Reference)

0.03

1 (Reference)

0.03

 

Yes

1275 (6.9)

1.40 (1.17, 1.67)***

 

1.35 (1.10, 1.65)***

 
  1. AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval; adjusted for age, sex, wealth status, country, social support and heavy alcohol use
  2. *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001